Hoofdstuk 3

Question 1

aggression

Answer 1

every unwanted behavior intended to cause harm or injure another

Question 2

Violence

Answer 2

aggression involving the use or threat of physical force

Question 3

theories of aggression - approaches

Answer 3

1. Biological approaches
2. Psychological approaches

Question 4

Biological approaches

Answer 4

• Ethology = the study of non human or animal behavior
• genetics
• hormones; testosterone/cortisol

Question 5

Psychological approaches

Answer 5

• frustration-aggression hypothesis: frustratie zorgt voor agressie
• Cognitive neo-associationism: negative affect as a trigger for aggressive behavior
• excitation-transfer theory: neutral arousal + anger eliciting situation
• social learning
• social information processing models
  => GAM integrates all the models

Question 6

components of trait aggressiveness

Answer 6

physical aggression
verbal aggression
anger
hostility

Question 7

Hostile attribution bias

Answer 7

de mate waarin je denkt dat iets op een bepaalde manier bedoelt is door een andere persoon; agressieve/boze toon…

Question 8

catharsis

Answer 8

= releasing aggressive tension through symbolic engagement in aggressive behavior

Question 9

effectiveness of punishment

Answer 9

Sufficient threat (not a mild punishment)
High likelihood of being caught (and punished)
Negative arousal is not too high (costs can still be considered)
Behavioral alternatives are available
Punishment follows immediately

Question 10

triarchic model

Answer 10

= model of psychopathy
more dimensional approach

1. boldness
2. meanness
3. disinhibition

Question 11

theories of origin - psychopathy

Answer 11

• Biological = early brain damage/structural brain deficits
• Psychological: poor socialization and trauma