Honor Bio 6.2 Flashcards
What is the monomer of carbohydrates?
Monosaccharides
What is the monomer of proteins?
Amino acids
What is the monomer of nucleic acids?
Nucleotides
What is the monomer of lipids?
Lipids don’t have true monomers, but they are built from fatty acids and glycerol.
What is the polymer of carbohydrates?
Polysaccharides
What is the polymer of proteins?
Polypeptides
What is the polymer of nucleic acids?
DNA and RNA.
hat is the function of carbohydrates?
Provide short term energy.
What is the function of proteins?
Structural support, catalysis (enzymes), transport, signaling, and defense.
What is the function of nucleic acids?
Store and transmit genetic information.
What is the function of lipids?
Long-term energy storage, insulation, and membrane structure.
What elements are found in carbohydrates?
Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Oxygen (O).
What elements are found in proteins?
Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), and sometimes Sulfur (S).
hat elements are found in nucleic acids?
Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), and Phosphorus (P).
What elements are found in lipids?
Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Oxygen (O).
What functional group is present in amino acids?
Amino group (-NH2) and carboxyl group (-COOH).
What functional group is common in carbohydrates?
Hydroxyl group (-OH).
What functional group is found in nucleic acids?
Phosphate group (-PO4) and nitrogenous bases.
What functional group is common in fatty acids (lipids)?
Carboxyl group (-COOH).
Give an example of a carbohydrate.
Glucose, starch, cellulose.
Give an example of a protein.
Enzymes, hemoglobin, collagen.
Give an example of a nucleic acid.
DNA, RNA.
Give an example of a lipid.
Triglycerides, phospholipids, cholesterol.
Compare the monomers of carbohydrates and proteins.
Carbohydrates use monosaccharides (e.g., glucose), while proteins use amino acids.
