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Honors Bio > Honor Bio 6.2 > Flashcards

Honor Bio 6.2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the monomer of carbohydrates?

A

Monosaccharides

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2
Q

What is the monomer of proteins?

A

Amino acids

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3
Q

What is the monomer of nucleic acids?

A

Nucleotides

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4
Q

What is the monomer of lipids?

A

Lipids don’t have true monomers, but they are built from fatty acids and glycerol.

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5
Q

What is the polymer of carbohydrates?

A

Polysaccharides

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6
Q

What is the polymer of proteins?

A

Polypeptides

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7
Q

What is the polymer of nucleic acids?

A

DNA and RNA.

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8
Q

hat is the function of carbohydrates?

A

Provide short term energy.

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9
Q

What is the function of proteins?

A

Structural support, catalysis (enzymes), transport, signaling, and defense.

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10
Q

What is the function of nucleic acids?

A

Store and transmit genetic information.

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11
Q

What is the function of lipids?

A

Long-term energy storage, insulation, and membrane structure.

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12
Q

What elements are found in carbohydrates?

A

Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Oxygen (O).

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13
Q

What elements are found in proteins?

A

Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), and sometimes Sulfur (S).

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14
Q

hat elements are found in nucleic acids?

A

Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), and Phosphorus (P).

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15
Q

What elements are found in lipids?

A

Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Oxygen (O).

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16
Q

What functional group is present in amino acids?

A

Amino group (-NH2) and carboxyl group (-COOH).

17
Q

What functional group is common in carbohydrates?

A

Hydroxyl group (-OH).

18
Q

What functional group is found in nucleic acids?

A

Phosphate group (-PO4) and nitrogenous bases.

19
Q

What functional group is common in fatty acids (lipids)?

A

Carboxyl group (-COOH).

20
Q

Give an example of a carbohydrate.

A

Glucose, starch, cellulose.

21
Q

Give an example of a protein.

A

Enzymes, hemoglobin, collagen.

22
Q

Give an example of a nucleic acid.

A

DNA, RNA.

23
Q

Give an example of a lipid.

A

Triglycerides, phospholipids, cholesterol.

24
Q

Compare the monomers of carbohydrates and proteins.

A

Carbohydrates use monosaccharides (e.g., glucose), while proteins use amino acids.

25
Q

How do the elements in proteins differ from the elements in carbohydrates?

A

Proteins contain nitrogen (N) and sometimes sulfur (S), while carbohydrates do not.

26
Q

How do lipids and carbohydrates differ in their energy storage function?

A

Lipids provide long-term energy storage, while carbohydrates provide short-term energy.

27
Q

How are the functions of proteins and nucleic acids different?

A

Proteins function in structure, catalysis, and transport, while nucleic acids store and transmit genetic information.

Honors Bio (17 decks)

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