homework week 6 quiz

Question 1

When forming your general impression of a patient with gastrointestinal distress, which of the following observations would provide the MOST information regarding what happened?
Select one:
a. Resting blood pressure
b. Skin condition and temperature 
c. The patient's facial expression
d. Body posture or position

Answer 1

d. Body posture or position

Question 2

Most of the digestive process occurs in the:
Select one:
a. liver.
b. pancreas.
c. jejunum.
d. small intestine.

Answer 2

d. small intestine.

Question 3

Hypotension during an episode of dehydration indicates that the body is:
Select one:
a. decompensating due to an excessive loss of blood as well as water and key electrolytes.
b. shifting water from inside the cells to the interstitial space in an attempt to maintain perfusion.
c. compensating by releasing epinephrine and norepinephrine from the sympathetic nervous system.
d. no longer capable of effectively pulling fluid from the interstitial space and the cellular area.

Answer 3

d. no longer capable of effectively pulling fluid from the interstitial space and the cellular area.

Question 4

Filtering of blood and recycling of dead red blood cells are functions of the:
Select one:
a. liver. 
b. spleen.
c. pancreas.
d. kidneys.

Answer 4

b. spleen.

Question 5

Esophageal varices are a direct result of:
Select one:
a. esophageal erosion.
b. alcohol consumption. 
c. portal hypertension.
d. cirrhosis of the liver.

Answer 5

c. portal hypertension.

Question 6

The MOST likely cause of Crohn disease is:
Select one:
a. autoantibody destruction of the intestinal wall.
b. precancerous lesions in the lower intestinal tract.
c. chronically high triglyceride levels in the blood.
d. infection of the gastrointestinal tract with Helicobacter pylori.

Answer 6

a. autoantibody destruction of the intestinal wall.

Question 7

Dunphy sign is observed when:
Select one:
a. right upper quadrant pain is referred to the right shoulder.
b. coughing causes severe right lower quadrant pain.
c. the patient’s abdominal pain radiates to the shoulder.
d. pressure on the abdominal wall is suddenly released.

Answer 7

b. coughing causes severe right lower quadrant pain.

Question 8

Clinical signs of hypokalemia include:
Select one:
a. muscle cramps and peaked T waves. 
b. convulsions and absent P waves.
c. coma and severe peripheral edema.
d. weakness and flattened T waves.

Answer 8

d. weakness and flattened T waves.

Question 9

An obese 52-year-old woman who presents with severe pain in the right upper quadrant of her abdomen and pain in her right shoulder is MOST likely experiencing:
Select one:
a. cholecystitis.
b. acute hepatitis.
c. Crohn disease.
d. Mallory-Weiss syndrome.

Answer 9

a. cholecystitis.

Question 10

peristalsis is defined as:
Select one:
a. the churning of food.
b. rhythmic contraction.
c. turbulent blood flow.
d. passive regurgitation.

Answer 10

b. rhythmic contraction.

Question 11

If water is not reabsorbed in the colon:
Select one:
a. diarrhea occurs.
b. constipation occurs.
c. the appendix may rupture.
d. waste material is solidified.

Answer 11

a. diarrhea occurs.

Question 12

An incarcerated hernia is one that:
Select one:
a. causes immediate bowel necrosis.
b. cannot be reduced and becomes trapped.
c. spontaneously returns to its normal location.

Answer 12

b. cannot be reduced and becomes trapped.

Question 13

The portal vein transports venous blood from the gastrointestinal tract directly to the:
Select one:
a. liver. 
b. colon.
c. spleen.
d. gallbladder.

Answer 13

a. liver.

Question 14

Common signs and symptoms of acute gastroenteritis include all of the following, EXCEPT:
Select one:
a. fever.
b. chest pain. 
c. severe diarrhea.
d. abdominal pain.

Answer 14

b. chest pain.

Question 15

A patient with an extremely advanced bowel obstruction may have the odor of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ on his or her breath.
Select one:
a. blood
b. chyme Incorrect
c. acetone
d. stool

Answer 15

d. stool

Question 16

Which of the following conditions would be the LEAST likely to result in peritonitis?
Select one:
a. Stomach rupture
b. Splenic laceration
c. Acute appendicitis 
d. Bowel perforation

Answer 16

b. splenic laceration

Question 17

The exocrine function of the pancreas produces:
Select one:
a. insulin. 
b. glucagon.
c. enzymes.
d. somatostatin.

Answer 17

c. enzymes.

Question 18

Chronic use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs would MOST likely result in:
Select one:
a. diverticulitis.
b. esophageal varices.
c. acute gastroenteritis.
d. peptic ulcer disease.

Answer 18

d. peptic ulcer disease.

Question 19

Pain over the suprapubic region is MOST suggestive of injury to the:
Select one:
a. urethra.
b. ureters.
c. bladder. 
d. iliac arteries.

Answer 19

c. bladder.

Question 20

In contrast to a patient with peritonitis, a patient with hepatitis would MOST likely initially experience:
Select one:
a. hematochezia.
b. diffuse abdominal pain. 
c. right upper quadrant pain.
d. referred pain to the left shoulder.

Answer 20

c. right upper quadrant pain.

Question 21

Which of the following assessment findings or techniques would prove MOST useful when determining the extent of internal volume loss?
Select one:
a. Resting blood pressure
b. Temperature of the skin
c. Duration of the illness
d. Orthostatic vital signs

Answer 21

d. Orthostatic vital signs

Question 22

Intestinal adhesions would MOST likely result in:
Select one:
a. diarrhea.
b. gastroenteritis. 
c. bowel obstruction.
d. ulcerative colitis.

Answer 22

c. bowel obstruction.

Question 23

Common signs of bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract include all of the following, EXCEPT:
Select one:
a. melena.
b. hematochezia.
c. hematemesis.
d. dark, tarry stools.

Answer 23

b. hematochezia.

Question 24

Which of the following statements regarding Grey Turner sign is correct?
Select one:
a. Grey Turner sign is characterized by bruising around the umbilicus.
b. The presence of Grey Turner sign should make you suspicious for hepatitis.
c. Grey Turner sign is the cessation of inspiration during abdominal palpation.
d. Grey Turner sign is characterized by flank bruising and indicates internal bleeding.

Answer 24

d. Grey Turner sign is characterized by flank bruising and indicates internal bleeding.

Question 25

Which of the following behaviors does NOT place a person at risk for gastrointestinal disease?
Select one:
a. Stress
b. Smoking
c. High-fiber diet 
d. Salicylate ingestion

Answer 25

c. High-fiber diet