Homeostasis Flashcards

1
Q

Homeostasis

A

Physiological control system that maintain constant internal environment

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2
Q

What 3 factors effect homeostasis

A

Temp, pH, glucose

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3
Q

Temperature control

A

Metabolism, enzymes have an optimum, too hot- denature, too cold- rate slows

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4
Q

pH control

A

Metabolism, enzymes have and optimum, too acidic, too alkali- rate deacreases

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5
Q

Glucose control

A

Needed for respiration- respiratory substrate, too much- decreases water potential of blood, water will move out my osmosis- cells shrivel up

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6
Q

Negative feedback

A

Receptors detect a change away from the normal and effectors activate mechanisms to return it to the normal

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7
Q

Why have a negative feedback

A

Control and regulation e.g blood temp, pH, glucose, water potential, separate negative feedback systems gives you more control

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8
Q

Positive feedback

A

A response that results in the effectors amplifying the change away from the normal ‘more produces more’

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9
Q

Why have positive feedback systems

A

Rapid changes and responses e.g Na+ channels threshold- depolarisation, blood clotting

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10
Q

Glycogenesis

A

Glucose to glycogen e.g insulin

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11
Q

Glycogenolysis

A

Splitting glycogen to glucose e.g glucose adrenaline

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12
Q

Gluconeogenesis

A

Making new glucose from non carbs e.g glucagon

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13
Q

Where is glucagon secreted

A

Alpha cells in the islets of langerhan in the pancreas

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14
Q

Where is adrenaline secreted

A

Adrenal gland

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15
Q

Where is insulin secreted

A

Beta cells in the islets of langerhans in pancreas

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16
Q

(Glucagon) When blood glucose is…

A

Low

17
Q

(Adrenaline) when blood Glucose is….

A

Low

18
Q

(Insulin) when blood glucose is…

A

High

19
Q

(Glucagon) effect on blood glucose

A

Increase

20
Q

(Adrenaline) effects on blood glucose

A

Increase

21
Q

(Insulin) effect on blood glucose

A

Liver + muscles

22
Q

(Glucagon) Mechanisms

A

Decrease rate respiration, glycogenolysis glyconeogenesis

23
Q

(Adrenaline) mechanisms

A

Activates- glyconeogenesis, secretion of glucagon

Inhibits- glycogenesis, secretion of insulin

24
Q

(Insulin) mechanisms

A

Increase rate respiration, glycogenesis, increase liver and muscle cells permeability to glucose

25
Q

How are muscles adapted to increase permeability

A

Glucose carrier proteins are stored is vesicles inside live and muscle cells