Homeostasis

Question 1

The maintenance of the body’s constant internal environment is termed

Answer 1

homeostasis

Question 2

Most of the cell membrane is made from

Answer 2

Phospholipids

Question 3

Carrier molecules that bring materials into cells are

Answer 3

proteins

Question 4

The fluid-mosaic membrane model describes the membrane as having a

Answer 4

phospholipid bilayer

Question 5

Which condition is required for diffusion to occur?

Answer 5

A concentration difference

Question 6

The rate of diffusion across the cell membrane is affected by the

Answer 6

temperature and size of the molecule

Question 7

Frog eggs placed in an isotonic solution will _____

Answer 7

stay the same

Question 8

When put in a hypotonic environment, an animal cell will

Answer 8

swell

Question 9

A cell would tend to gain water if it were moved from

Answer 9

an isotonic solution to a hypotonic solution

Question 10

If the solute concentration of solution A is greater than solution B, then solution A is said to be

Answer 10

hypertonic to solution B

Question 11

Which type of transport moves material against a concentration gradient?

Answer 11

active transport

Question 12

Which of processes moves molecules using cellular energy?

Answer 12

ion pumps (Na/K pump, ATPase pump), exocytosis and endocytosis.

Question 13

Which of the processes would be directly affected by a lack of cellular ATP?

Answer 13

active transport

Question 14

How many of the following factors would affect the permeability of the cell membrane?
Size of molecules
Lipid solubility of molecules
Presence of transport channels
Presence of STP inside the cell

Answer 14

all (4)

Question 15

What aids the movement of glucose across a cell membrane?

Answer 15

protein

Question 16

The tendency of a system to maintain a constant internal environment is known as

Answer 16

homeostasis

Question 17

The _____________________ is a rigid layer of cellulose that provides protection and support

Answer 17

cell wall

Question 18

The body stores energy in the bonds between the phosphate of _____________________ molecules

Answer 18

ATP

Question 19

The _____________________of a cell affects the health of the cell since all nutrients and waste must pass across the cell membrane

Answer 19

surface area

Question 20

In a negative feedback loop, the _____________________receives the information from the _____________________

Answer 20

control center, receptor OR effector, control center

Question 21

_____________________ consists of a lipid bilayer that is semipermeable

Answer 21

cell membrane

Question 22

The body has a _____________________ that detects a deviation of the state of the cells or the body from the _____________________ point

Answer 22

sensor, set

Question 23

The information (from a sensor) is relayed to a _____________________center, usually the brain, where signals go to _____________________ that cause a _____________________feedback

Answer 23

control, effectors, negative

Question 24

The process in which the body regulates water and solute levels in the body

Answer 24

Osmoregulation

Question 25

The diffusion of water molecules

Answer 25

Osmosis

Question 26

The process of engulfing material and bringing it inside the cell

Answer 26

Endocytosis

Question 27

Energy source for cells; a product of metabolism

Answer 27

ATP

Question 28

Created by a difference in concentrations between two solutions

Answer 28

Concentration Gradient

Question 29

The process a cell uses to expel waste

Answer 29

Exocytosis

Question 30

The process in which the body works to maintain a constant internal body temperature

Answer 30

thermoregulation

Question 31

What are the components of wellness?

Answer 31

mental/intellectual, physical, emotional, spiritual, social, environmental

Question 32

What is the fluid-mosaic model

Answer 32

the structure of the plasma membrane as a mosaic of components —including phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates.

the membrane is fluid with the molecules moving and the membrane itself being able to bend and move

Question 33

what is active transport?

Answer 33

movement of molecules or ions across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration—against the concentration gradient. Active transport requires cellular energy to achieve this movement.

Question 34

what is passive transport?

Answer 34

does not require energy to move substances across cell membranes.

Question 35

What are the characteristics of life?

Answer 35

organization, metabolism, homeostasis, reproduction, growth & development, responsive

Question 36

What is a negative feedback loop?

Answer 36

biological response in which the effects of a reaction slow or stop that reaction (know examples or how to draw an example)

Question 37

What are factors that affect cell movement?

Answer 37

temperature, concentration, surface area, size, polarity

Question 38

define hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic

Answer 38

An isotonic solution is one that has the same concentration of solutes both inside and outside the cell.

A hypertonic solution is one that has a higher solute concentration outside the cell than inside.

A hypotonic solution is one that has a higher solute concentration inside the cell than outside.

Question 39

What is facilitated diffusion

Answer 39

molecules pass through a cell membrane using transport proteins

Question 40

What is a phospholipid?

Answer 40

component off the cell membrane; creates a bilayer (know how to draw a simplified diagram of a cell membrane)

Question 41

what is a concentration gradient?

Answer 41

A difference in the concentration of a substance across a distance.

Question 42

What is cellular respiration?

Answer 42

A chemical process in which oxygen is used to make energy from carbohydrates (sugars) resulting in waste such as carbon dioxide