Homeostasis

Question 1

the ability of living organisms to maintain a
stable and relatively constant internal
environment despite external changes.

Answer 1

Homeostasis

Question 2

a crucial aspect of life because it ensures that the conditions necessary for the proper functioning of cells, tissues, and organs are consistently met.

Answer 2

Homeostasis

Question 3

involves the regulation of various physiological variables, such as temperature, pH, blood
glucose levels, and ion concentrations, within a narrow and optimal range.

Answer 3

Homeostasis

Question 4

target value for each regulated variable. This set point represents the
ideal or optimal level of the variable. For example, in humans, the set point for body temperature is around 98.6°F (37°C).

Answer 4

Set point

Question 5

• Organisms have specialized sensors or receptors that continuously monitor the internal conditions and detect any deviations from the set point. These
  sensors are typically located in various parts of the body and send signals to control centers when changes are detected.

Answer 5

Sensors or receptors

Question 6

often located in the brain or other
central nervous system structures, receive and process information from the sensors. They compare the current conditions to the set point and
generate appropriate commands to regulate the variable.

Answer 6

Control centers

Question 7

are the organs, tissues, or cells that carry
out the control center’s commands. They can either increase or decrease the variable being regulated to
bring it back to the set point. For example, if body temperature rises above the set point, effectors like sweat glands are activated to cool the body down.

Answer 7

Effectors

Question 8

• Homeostasis is typically maintained through feedback loops, which are self-regulating mechanisms.

Answer 8

Feedback loops

Question 9

Two main types of feedback loops

Answer 9

Negative feedback and Positive feedback

Question 10

• any deviation from the set point triggers a response that opposes or counteracts the deviation, bringing the variable back towards the set point. This type of feedback helps maintain stability. - Ex. Body temperature regulation

Answer 10

Negative feedback

Question 11

-the response amplifies the initial deviation from the set point, rather than opposing it. It is less common in homeostasis and is often associated with processes like blood clotting and childbirth, where a rapid change or response is needed.

Answer 11

Positive feedback

Question 12

Homeostasis is maintained through different control systems in our body, including feedback loops, hormones, and the nervous system.

Answer 12

Control system

Question 13

Mechanisms of Homeostasis

Answer 13

Control systems, Negative feedback loops, Positive feedback loops

Question 14

Importance of Homeostasis

Answer 14

Balance and Stability
Optimal Functioning
Protection against External Factors
Prevention of Diseases

Question 15

It ensures that various
systems work in harmony to support our overall health and well-being.

Answer 15

Balance and stability

Question 16

Homeostasis enables our body to function optimally by regulating essential processes such as body
temperature, blood pressure, pH levels, and nutrient levels

Answer 16

Optimal functioning

Question 17

By maintaining internal stability, homeostasis helps
protect our body from external factors such as
changes in the environment or exposure to toxins.

Answer 17

Protection against External factors

Question 18

Homeostasis plays a vital role in disease prevention. Imbalances or disruptions to homeostasis can lead
to the development of various disorders and illnesses.

Answer 18

Prevention of diseases

Question 19

The development of stimuli as a
result of physiological parameter deviations from
the normal value is the initial stage in the negative
feedback loop. Physiological parameters can deviate
from the norm in either direction

Answer 19

Stimulation

Question 20

The control unit receives changes in
physiological parameters through a variety of
receptors located throughout the body. Nerves and
other thermoreceptors are examples of common
receptors engaged in stimulus transmission.

Answer 20

Reception

Question 21

The brain serves as the loop’s
control unit, determining whether a change in a physiological parameter necessitates loop activation or inhibition. The brain sends out signals to erase the alterations in different ways depending on the direction of departure.

Answer 21

Processing

Question 22

The control unit sends out signals at the end of the loop to cancel out the impacts that cause changes in physiological variables. Changes can take several forms and be directed at different sections of the body.

Answer 22

Counteract on the stimulus

Question 23

What are the temperature regulation?

Answer 23

Sweat and vasodilation
Evaporative cooling and convection cooling
Drop in temperature
Goosebumps and vasoconstriction
Less convection

Question 24

allows blood surface area to be
exposed to cooler environment

Answer 24

Vasodilation

Question 25

What are the negative feedback mechanisms?

Answer 25

Temperature regulation
Blood pressure regulation (Baroflex)
Osmoregulation

Question 26

What are the positive feedback mechanisms?

Answer 26

• Blood clotting mechanisms
• Childbirth

Question 27

What are the factors affecting homeostasis?

Answer 27

• External influences
• Internal causes

Question 28

Factors like extreme temperature, toxins, and stress can disrupt homeostasis by causing imbalance or intefering with the body’s control mechanism

Answer 28

External influences

Question 29

Imbalances can also arise from internal factors such as hormonal imbalances, genetic disorders, or organ dysfunction

Answer 29

Internal causes

Question 30

What are the common homeostatic disorders?

Answer 30

Diabetes
Hypertension
Hypothyroidism
Hyperthyroidism

Question 31

is a common disorder caused by the body’s inability to regulate blood glucose levels effectively. It can lead to hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia, affecting various organ systems.

Answer 31

Diabetes

Question 32

occurs when
the body fails to maintain normal blood pressure
levels, leading to increased strain on the heart and
blood vessels

Answer 32

Hypertension

Question 33

is a condition where the thyroid
gland fails to produce sufficient thyroid hormone, resulting in a slowdown of the body’s processes.

Answer 33

Hypothyroidism

Question 34

characterized by an overactive thyroid gland, causing an accelerated metabolism and other symptoms.

Answer 34

Hyperthyroidism

Question 35

Ways to support homeostasis

Answer 35

Healthy lifestyle habits
Seek medical treatment