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Physiology ni Ma'am A > Animal Physiology 1 > Flashcards

Animal Physiology 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Function of the body and all its parts

A

Physiology

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2
Q

Skin and skin appendages
Hair, nails, horns, sebaceous glands, sweat glands

A

Integumentary system

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3
Q

Protective layer against disease, infection, sun, and potentially harmful elements

A

Skin

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4
Q

Layers of skin

A

Epidermis and dermis

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5
Q

Outer layer of skin, no blood cells-
Inner layer of skin, irregular connective tissue-

A

Epidermis
Dermis

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6
Q

Hair
Scales
Hoofs
Feathers
Claws
Horns
Nails

A

Skin appendages

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7
Q

Comprised of protein and regulating body temperature

A

Hair, wool, feather

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8
Q

Small bundle of smooth muscle fibers

A

Arrector pill

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9
Q

Principal glands of the skin

A

Sweat glands and Sebaceous glands

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10
Q

Gland that releases water to cool the body

A

Sweat glands

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11
Q

Gland that secrete oil substances to lubricate hair and skin

A

Sebaceous glands

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12
Q

Detect pain, touch, heat and cold

A

Sensory receptors

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13
Q

Sensory receptors that detects very light pressure

A

Merkel cells

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14
Q

Sensitive to touch and found in delicate areas

A

Meissner’s corpuscle

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15
Q

Sensory receptors that detects pressure

A

Paccinian corpuscle

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16
Q

Detects heat and cold

A

Free nerve endings

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17
Q
  • framework of the body
  • bones and connective tissue
  • protect the organs
A

Skeletal system

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18
Q

Skull; Brain
______; lungs
Vertebrae; ______

A

Rib
Spinal cord

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19
Q

Bones on midline ( skull, vertebrae, ribs, sternum)

A

Axial skeleton

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20
Q

Bones coming off the midline ( forelegs, hindlegs, pelvic region)

A

Appendicular skeleton

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21
Q

Four classes of Bones

A

Long bones
Flat bones
Short bones
Irregular bones

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22
Q

Class of Bones that support columns and levers (Limb)

A

Long bones

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23
Q

Class of bones that protect body’s organs, serve as muscle attachment

A

Flat bones

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24
Q

Class of Bones - Knee hock joint, diffuse concussion, diminish friction, change direction of tendons

A

Short bones

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25
Q

Class of bones that vertebral column belongs

A

Irregular bones

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26
Q

Bone is made up of _______ and ______ matter

A

Organic
Inorganic

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27
Q

Collagen and gives flexibility and resilience in the bones

A

Organic matter

28
Q

Tricalcium phosphate gives rigidity and hardness

A

Inorganic matter

29
Q

Inner core of bone and it composed of soft tissue

A

Bone marrow

30
Q

Yellow fat

A

Yellow marrow

31
Q

Outer portion and red tissue
This is where blood cell and platelet formed

A

Red Marrow

32
Q

Bone are formed from _____________

A

Endochondral ossification or endochondral bone formation

33
Q

They are the bone forming cells

A

Osteoblasts

34
Q

They are the mature bone cells

A

Osteocytes

35
Q

This is the primary ossification

A

Metaphyseal growth rate

36
Q

This is the secondary ossification and the center of epiphysis

A

Epiphyseal growth rate

37
Q

They bind tissue together

A

Connective tissue

38
Q

4 types of connective tissue

A

Ligaments
Tendons
Cartilage
Fascia

39
Q

Muscle to bone

A

Tendons

40
Q

Bone to bone

A

Ligaments

41
Q

Ends of bones and acts as cushioning joints

A

Hyaline cartilage

42
Q

Makes up body parts such as ears

A

Elastic cartilage

43
Q

Cushioning between inter vertebral discs

A

Fibrocartilage

44
Q

Located between skin and underlying muscle of bone

A

Fascia

45
Q

Fascia which is the top layer and attached to skin

A

Superficial fascia

46
Q

Fascia that is placed at the bottom and covers muscle and bones

A

Deep fascia

47
Q

Unions between bones. They are either movable, partially movable, and immovable

A

Joints

48
Q

3 types of joints found in the body

A

Fibrous
Cartaginous
Synovial

49
Q

This joint has the greatest range of movement

A

Synovial

50
Q

In conjunction with the skeletal system, movement of internal structure, limbs, and the body as a whole

A

Muscular system

51
Q
  • Striated voluntary muscles involved in the movement of skeleton
  • intentionally controlled by the animal
A

Skeletal muscles

52
Q
  • Involuntary unstriated muscle found in digestive organs and blood vessels
  • function automatically and can not be controlled by animals
A

Visceral muscle

53
Q

Involuntary, striated muscle found in heart

A

Cardiac muscle

54
Q

Four functional groups of skeletal muscles

A

Flexors
Extensors
Abductors
Adductors

55
Q

Decrease angle between 2 lever bones when they contract ( biceps)

A

Flexors

56
Q

Increase angle between 2 levers (triceps)

A

Extensors

57
Q

Move limbs away from median plane ( deltoids)

A

Abductors

58
Q

Pull limb towards the median plane (pectoralis major)

A

Adductors

59
Q

Muscle work in pairs; when one contracts, one relaxes

A

Antagonism

60
Q

Muscle that work together to perform movement

A

Synergist

61
Q
  • Most skeletal muscles attached to two different bones
  • point of origin is on the most stable or least movable while insertion point is on the more movable one
A

Attachment

62
Q

Bundles of fibers lies parallel to each other within the muscle sheath making appear like _________

A

Striped or striated

63
Q

Bundles that makes up individual muscle fibers

A

Myofibrils

64
Q

They are the thick filaments

A

Myosin

65
Q

They are the thin filaments

A

Actin

66
Q

Occurs as a result of a process known as sliding filament action

A

Contraction

Physiology ni Ma'am A (5 decks)

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