HOMEOSTASIS Flashcards
Study of the structure and functions of the human body?
Human Anatomy and Physiology
The scientific discipline that investigates the structure of the body.
Anatomy
the scientific discipline that teaches the functions/processes of living things.
Physiology
Study of specific organisms “humans”, the body’s functions and processes.
Human Physiology
What structural and Functional Organization of the Human Body involves atoms such as Hydrogen and Carbon which interact to form molecules?
Chemical Level
the basic structural and functional unit of organisms such as plants and animals?
Cells
Molecules combine to form what?
Organelles
Made of a group of similar cells and the materials surrounding them?
Tissues
Four major tissue types
Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, and Nervous
Made up of two or more tissue types that perform one or more common functions.
Organ
Group of organs and is classified as units because of common functions
Organ system
Any living thing that is considered whole
Organism
means to stop?
Homeostasis
Existence and maintenance of a relatively constant environment within the body despite fluctuations in either the external or internal environment.
Homeostasis
The values of _______ changes?
Variables
Examples of variables…
Temperature, volume, chemical content
Examples of homeostatic mechanisms
Sweating, and shivering
Helps to maintain the body to be near its average normal value or setpoint?
Homeostatic mechanisms
Why are homeostatic mechanisms are not able to maintain body temp precisely at the set point?
because the body temp only increases and decreases slightly around the setpoint, producing a normal range of values.
Examples of the normal range
the pH of the blood - 7.35 to 7.45
What helps maintain the internal environment of the body and why?
Organ systems - to remain relatively constant (internal environment)
The physiological value around which the normal range fluctuates
Setpoint
A characteristic of life wherein it refers to the specific relationship of the many individual parts of an organism from cell to organelles,, interacting and working together.
Organization
A characteristic of life wherein it refers to the ability to use energy to perform vital functions such a growth, development, movement, and reproduction.
Metabolism
A characteristic of life wherein it refers to the ability of an organism to sense changes in the environment and make the adjustments that help maintain its life.
Responsiveness
A characteristic of life wherein it refers to an increase in size of all or part of an organism. It can result in an increase of cell number, cell size, or the amount of substances surrounding the cells.
Growth
A characteristic of life wherein it includes the changes an organism undergoes through time.
Development
A characteristic of life (part of development) wherein it refers changes in cell structure and function from generalized to specialized.
Differentiation
A characteristic of life wherein it refers formation of new cells or new organisms. Without this, growth and tissue repair will be impossible.
Reproduction of cells
Major organs of the body……
Brain, lungs, heart, liver, pancreas, spleen, stomach, gallbladder, kidneys, large intestine, small intestine, urinary bladder, and urethra.
