Holism and CAM

Question 1

integrative care

Answer 1

combination of paradigms integrating conventional medical and nursing practices with complementary and alternative therapies to improve quality of the human experience

Question 2

holism

Answer 2

human beings are holistic individuals comprised of multiple interacting systems and subsystems

Question 3

holism strives for

Answer 3

completeness,

- bio- psycho- social- spiritual- cognitive- family- environmental- cultural

Question 4

goal of holistic nursing

Answer 4

healing the whole person

Question 5

nurses should be __________ with clients

Answer 5

therapeutic partners

Question 6

healing

Answer 6

transformation of the person and his/her relationship to the disease, to self, and to others

Question 7

curing

Answer 7

physical, material, scientific alleviation of signs and symptoms of disease at physical level

Question 8

integrative medicine

Answer 8

combines the best factors of both healing and curing

Question 9

CAM

Answer 9

a broad set of healthcare practices, therapies, and modalities that address the whole person- body, mind, emotion, spirit, and environment, not just signs and symptoms- and that may replace or be used as complements to conventional medicine

Question 10

NIH national center on CAM 5 domains

Answer 10

• alternative medical systems
• biologically based therapies
• manipulative and body-based methods
• energy therapies
• mind/body interventions

Question 11

beliefs involved in CAM use

Answer 11

illness perception
- stress as a cause of illness (70% of current clinic visits are stress related)
holism and natural treatments
- treat whole person, not just symptoms

Question 12

spending on CAM

Answer 12

US- $36-47 billion in 1997
$12-20 billion out of pocket
$5 billion of out of pocket on herbals

Question 13

Ethical considerations of CAM

Answer 13

beneficience, nonmaleficence, efficacy, personal and cultural respect, scientific base

Question 14

commonly used CAM therapies

Answer 14

massage, healing touch, herbal medicines, relaxation, guided imagery, reflexology

Question 15

healing touch

Answer 15

decrease pain and anxiety, improves sleep and wound healing. 
shorter hospital stay after CABG
improve oxygenation in CCU pts
ease dying process
increase immune function

Question 16

herbal medicines

Answer 16

safety and regulations, adverse reactions, increase consumer wisdom

Question 17

relaxation/Dossey

Answer 17

a psychological experience characterized by parasympathetic dominance involving multiple visceral and somatic systems

Question 18

benefits of guided imagery

Answer 18

feels safe, reduces anxiety fear and worry, personal insight and reflection, decrease pain, improve healing of bones burns wounds and more, enhance immune function, weight loss, smoking cessation, relationship problems

Question 19

what is guided imagery

Answer 19

powerful, holistic healing modality that fosters active participation, disease prevention and health promotion, returning the focus of wellness to the individual

Question 20

goal of guided imagery

Answer 20

reframe stressful situations from negative response of fear and anxiety to positive images of healing and well-being, to increase emotional awareness and restructure meaning

Question 21

body-mind imagery

Answer 21

conscious formation of an image that is directed to a body area or activity that requires attention or increased energy

Question 22

clinical imagery

Answer 22

conscious use of the power of the imagination with the intention of activating physiologic, psychological, or spiritual healing

Question 23

correct biological imagery

Answer 23

biologically accurate images that are visualized to send messages to physiologic processes

Question 24

packaged imagery

Answer 24

commercial tapes that have general images (tapes to quit smoking)

Question 25

end-state imagery

Answer 25

images that contain specified imagined hopes and goals

Question 26

impromptu imagery

Answer 26

nurse’s introduction of his or her spontaneous, intuitive images or perceptions into the therapeutic intervention

Question 27

relationship imagery

Answer 27

designed to explore relationships with other people or with a part of oneself or with a symptom or part of one’s body

Question 28

imagery technique

Answer 28

focus on positive, relaxing events

-low, quiet, mesmerizing voice

Question 29

clinical effectiveness of imagery

Answer 29

• increased internal blood flow– increased temp
• increase heart rate
• alterations in body chemistry (gastric secretions and salivary pH)
• muscle stimulation
• immune system response
• wound healing
• heart rate control
• systolic and diastolic BP changes

Question 30

reflexology

Answer 30

application of pressure to points on the hands and feet cause anesthesia in other parts of body

Question 31

benefits of massage

Answer 31

relieve pain, rehabilitate sports injuries, reduce stress, increase relaxation, address anxiety and depression, and aid general wellness

Question 32

laws of massage therapy

Answer 32

everything is connected

• Shortened muscle tissue can do no work
• Bones go where muscles put them. Bones stay were muscles keep them.
• The soft tissues of the body respond to touch

Question 33

ethics of massage therapy

Answer 33

The practitioner is in charge – be professional, do assessment, treatment, evaluation, and document
Separate – Keep personal life separate and out of the session
Do the work you would like to receive. Must respect the history of touch for a person. May be good, may be bad.

Question 34

Contraindications for massage

Answer 34

blood clots, inflammatory process, skin problems, extreme bruising, fractures, edema

Question 35

Effluerage

Answer 35

stroking

Question 36

Petrissage

Answer 36

kneading

Question 37

Friction

Answer 37

rubbing

Question 38

Tapotement

Answer 38

percussion

Question 39

Vibration

Answer 39

shaking