HLTH 460 Exam 1 Flashcards
Risk factors
an influence that can push an individual towards engaging in a problem behavior
Types of risk factors
community
family
school
peers/individual
Protective factor
measure of safety set in order to protect an individual from a specific risk
An ounce of prevention…
is worth a pound of care
Universal Group
activities are targeted to the general public or a whole population group
universal direct
interventions directly serve an identifiable group of participants but who have no been identified on the basis of individual risk
identifiable group
school students or a general group of people without knowing needs
universal indirect
interventions support population-based programs and environmental strategies (policies)
Selective
targeted to a sub-group of the population whose risk of developing a disorder is significantly higher
Indicated
individuals in high-risk environments identified as having minimal but detectable signs or symptoms
Prevention science planning
a chocolate pie
assessment capacity planning implementation evaluation
Assessment
profile population needs, resources, and readiness to address needs and gaps
Capacity
mobilize and/or build capacity to address needs
Planning
develop a comprehensive strategic plan
Implementation
implement evidence-based prevention programs and activities
Evaluation
monitor, evaluate, sustain, and improve or replace those that fail
Motivational interview definition
a way of being with people that enhances intrinsic motivation to change
a method of exploring and resolving ambivalence
Purpose of motivational interviewing
foster collaboration
Four core principles/anchors of MI
Express empathy
develop discrepancy
roll w/resistance
support self-efficacy
Express empathy
being able to demonstrate to others our understanding of their perspective or point of view
when one suffering has the experience of feeling understood at core levels the doors of change begin to open
Develop discrepancy
Explore with others how they currently are compared to where they would like to be.
Provide a safe environment where you can help others explore the consequences of certain behaviors.
In order for change to occur it is critical that the other see and admit for themselves the consequences for certain behavior
Roll with resistance
Accept other’s reluctance to change as natural rather than pathological
Understand that there are emotional reasons for the current behavior even though the behavior may not be rational
understand that they can have multiple conflicting emotions
Support self-efficacy
Support another’s right to choose for themselves (even when the other may choose to not change) and help them move toward change successfully and with confidence. We do this by exploring and helping to resolve ambivalence
Four main methods of Motivational Interviewing
open ended questions
affirmations
reflections
summary
Open ended questions
An open ended question opens the door for discussion and exploration. An open ended question is one that cannot be answered with a simple yes or no
Affirmations
Direct statements of support during a conversation that is usually directed at something specific and change oriented that the other has done.
These statements demonstrate that you understand and appreciate at least in part what the other is dealing with and are supportive.
You help develop confidence in the other by praising small steps taken in the direction of change
Reflections
Listening reflectively and forming reflections is one way to be empathic.
Listening reflectively is about being quiet and actively listening to the other, and then responding with a statement that reflects the essence of what the other said, or what you think the other said.
You accurately identify the essential meaning of what the client has said and reflect it back to the client in terms easily understood by the client
