HIV/AIDS Flashcards
HIV
what cells are attacked?
CD4 cells
HIV
when is it AIDS?
CD4 less than 200
HIV
Which HIV strain is the most common?
HIV-1, it also progresses faster
HIV
what ages are most likely affected?
25-34y
HIV
How is HIV transmitted?
~75% sexually
HIV
Who is most likely to contract infection?
Those who have receptive anal sex, men who have sex with men
HIV
what is the risk of accidental needle stick?
1:300
HIV
What factors increase risk from needle stick?
depth of penetration
hollow bore needles
visible blood on needle
advanced stage of disease in source patient
HIV
How is HIV spread to chiildren from mother?
placenta, delivery, breast milk
HIV
What body fluids are considered non infectious
Saliva, sweat, stool, tears not considered infectious.
HIV
Increased risk of HIV transmission
ulcerative or inflammatory STIs
trauma
menses
lack of male circumcision
HIV
when does acute Infection start? (Incubation period)
2-6 weeks post-infection
What are Sx of acute HIV
80% of patients have nonspecific symptoms
Self limited,
Mono/flu-like illness
“Acute retroviral syndrome”
opportunistic oral/esophageal candidiasis
Low-grade fever +/- chills
*Fatigue
Night sweats**
Myalgia/arthralgia
Painful mucocutaneous ulceration
Rash +/- yeast infection
Headaches
Pharyngitis
Diarrhea
**Weight loss (unintentional)
*Lymphadenopathy
*Oral hairy leukoplakia – caused by Epstein Barr; can’t be scraped off
HIV
skin manifestations
Zoster: may be present at normal CD4 counts
HSV 1 and 2
HPV
Staph aureus skin infections/ folliculitis
HIV
AIDS non specific Sx
Blurred vision
Dry cough
Night sweats
Fatigue
Unintentional weight loss (due to anorexia, nausea, vomiting)
White spots on tongue
SOB
Lymphadenopathy
Chronic diarrhea
Temperature over 100.5F