HIV Flashcards

1
Q

Risks of transmission in HIV

A
  • Needlestick: 0.3% - reduced by 70% by post-stick prophhylaxis
  • Vertical: 20% breast feeding, 10% pre/peri-partum
  • Sexual: 0.8-3.2% in anal
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2
Q

Symptoms of different CD4 counts

A

250: generalised lymphoadenopathy

150: Karposi’s sarcoma, lymphoma

50: HSV, VZV, CMV

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3
Q

Example of an HIV associated lung disease

A

Pneumocystis jjroceyi pneumonia (fungi)

  • injures type 1 alveorlar cells via fibronectin binding
  • Batwing CXR
  • pO2<9.3 give steroids
  • over: antibiotics
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4
Q

Neoplasms more common in HIV

A

Karposi’s

Lymphoma

Cancer of lung

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5
Q

CNS presentations in HIV

A

Tuberculous Meningitis: rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutamol

Cryptococcal meningitis: amphotericin B2 weeks then life long fluconazole

Focal CNS lesion: non infectious, tumours

Toxoplasmosis encephalitis

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6
Q

HIV associated cancers

A

Karposis

Non-hodgkins, and hodgkins

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7
Q

Antiretrociral treatmant of HIV

A
  • Nucleoside analogues NRTIs
  • Non-nucleoside analogues NNRTIs
  • Protease inhibitors
  • Fusion inhibitor

MINIMUM OF THREE REQUIRED. 10 year increase in life expectancy if used sequentially

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