Carcinogens and Metaplasia Flashcards

1
Q

Polycyclic hydrocarbons effect

A

Carcinogenic
Founds in tars, i.e. cigarette smoke
Cause lung canceer

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2
Q

Aromatic Amines; carcinogenic effect

A

Through industrial exposure
Converted to active ingredients in liver
- Become concentrated by excretion in the urine, main effect on urothelium causing cancers

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3
Q

Nitrosamines; carcinogenic effect

A

cause cancer in stomach and GI tract

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4
Q

Alkylating agents; carcinogenic effect

A

Can bind to DNA and are directly mutagenic

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5
Q

Examples of hormones promoting tumour growth

A
  • Oestrogens stimulate proliferation of breast & endometrial tissue; can be treated by anti-oestrogen drugs
  • Carcinoma of prostate can be treated by removal of testosterone stimulation by orchidectomy or oestrogenic drugs
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6
Q

A physical carcinogen

A

Asbestos

Inhaled fibres are potent cause of neoplasia in lung and pleura

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7
Q

Neoplasms related to EBV

A

Burkitt’s Lymphoma, Naspharyngeal, B-cell lymphomas

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8
Q

Neoplasms related to HBV

A

Hepatocellular carcinoma

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9
Q

Neoplasms related to HPV

A

Cervical cancer

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10
Q

Neoplasms related to HTLV-1

A

T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma

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11
Q

Neoplasms related to HHV-8

A

Karposi’s Sarcoma

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12
Q

Tumour caused by Li-Fraumeni

A

Breast cancer and sarcomas

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13
Q

Tumour caused by Polyposis coli

A

Adenomate and carcinoma of colon

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14
Q

Tumour caused by familial retinoblastoma

A

Malignant tumour of retina

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