HIV Flashcards
What is HIV?
Human immunodeficiency virus
What is the pathophysiology of HIV?
Infects CD4+ T cells
Uses reverse transcriptase to infect cell and reproduce
What are risk factors for HIV infection?
MSM Previous STI IVDU High risk countries Sex workers Sex venue use
What conditions should trigger offering of a HIV test?
Recurrent/severe shingles Mononucleosis like syndrome Recurrent bacterial pneumonia Any STI MSM Oral candidiasis
What type of consent is required for HIV testing?
Verbal
What types of HIV testing are available?
Bloods
- p24 antigen
- HIV antibodies
Point of care test = finger prick
- HIV antibody
How is HIV monitored?
Viral load
CD4 count
How is HIV managed?
Anti-retroviral therapy
- nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
- non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
- protease inhibitor
What is used for post exposure prophylaxis of HIV?
1 month of truvada + raltegravir
What precautions should be taken during pregnancy with HIV?
Antiretroviral therapy
What is used to guide mode of delivery in a HIV positive mother?
Viral load
What are the indications for mode of delivery in HIV?
Viral load <50 = normal vaginal delivery
Caesarean section if viral load >50
Use IV zidovudine if viral load unknown or >10000
What prophylactic treatment should be given to baby?
Low risk (maternal viral load <50) = zidovudine for 4 weeks
High risk (maternal viral load >50) = zidovudine, lamivudine + nevirapine for 4 weeks
Is breast feeding recommended in HIV?
No
