History/Wellness/Communication

Question 1

Maslow’s hierarchy

State prioritization in order

Answer 1

1) Physiological 2) Safety & Security 3) Love & Belongingness 4) Esteem 5) Self-Actualization

Question 2

NFLPN

Who founded it? Why do we have it?

Answer 2

National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses; founded by Lillian Kuster. This organization is the official membership organization for LPN/LVN’s, worked in conjunction with NAPNES to set standards for PN and VN practice, promote and protect interests, educate and inform the general public about practical and vocational nursing.

Question 3

Saint Thomas Hospital

Answer 3

A nursing school, in London, within the hospital founded by Florence Nightingale (1860). With the hospital’s reputation as a progressive medical facility, it was the ideal place to promote new standards for nursing.

The nursing program operated separately and was financially independent from the hospital, to ensure education emphasis on the nursing students.
Students had to pass strict procedures for admission, and were provided residence. The training program lasted 1 year, included formal instruction and practical experience. Complete records were kept on each students progress; this practice was known as the “Nightingale Plan”, which became the model for nursing in the 20th century. After graduation, records were also kept on places of employment. This “register” that resulted became a standard for nursing, and the beginning of a movement to exercise control over the nursing grad.

Students admitted into the nursing program needed to provide excellent references, show a strong commitment to a career in nursing, and demonstrate intellectual competence to pass.

The “Nightingale Nurses” improved patient care through: good hygiene and sanitation, patient observation, accurate record keeping, nutritional improvements, and introduction to the use of new medical equipment.

Question 4

Biologic Program Theory

Answer 4

Select it

Question 5

Who issued the Patient Bill of Rights?

Answer 5

AHA, issued in an effort to ensure the patients fundamental rights for treatment with dignity and compassion were protected

Question 6

Wellness vs. Illness continuum

Answer 6

is ever-changing and is influenced by an individuals physical condition, mental condition, and social well-being

Question 7

Goal for patients as a nurse

Answer 7

to provide them with the highest level of care and place them in the highest state of well-being

Question 8

multi-disciplinary approach

Answer 8

patient care plan is comprehensive/holistic

Question 9

Long term, 60+ yr patient scenario

Answer 9

reminisce w/ them

Question 10

Expressive Aphasia

Answer 10

develop a communication strategy, allow the patient to talk as much as possible

Question 11

Comms w/ older adult

Answer 11

Allow more time to process information and respond

Question 12

Communications w/ unfamiliar culture

Answer 12

Use an interpreter if available (do not use family member)
Find dominant language, use translator, pantomime basic words for understanding, etc.
Cultural Comm. Patterns: Explore meaning of touch, eye contact, personal space, and various facial expressions. Explore willingness of individuals to share thoughts, feelings, and ideas.
Explore formats of time: social time vs clock time
Explore name formats; how does the patient expect to be greeted by strangers and healthcare professionals

Question 13

Zones (pg. 70-71)

Answer 13

Intimate space : face - 18in. //
Personal space : 18in. - 4ft. // A nurse must enter a patient’s personal space quite often (changing dressings, inserting catheters, bathing), approaching these in a professional manner can alleviate some of the discomfort for both the nurse and patient
Social space : 4ft. - 12ft. // Ex. A nurse conducting a diabetes class for multiple patients
Public space : 12ft.+ //

Question 14

Patient Care Partnership

Answer 14

Patients are assured they can expect high-quality hospital care, a clean and safe environment, involvement in their care and decision making process, protection of privacy, help when leaving the hospital, and help with nilling concerns

Question 15

Mary Breckenridge

Answer 15

Pioneer in nurse-midwifery
Est. the Frontier Nursing Service to deliver obstetric care to mothers in the hills of Kentucky; nurses traveled on horseback to reach them

Question 16

Mary Adelaide Nutting

Answer 16

A leader in nursing education
Developed curriculum concepts and guidelines for student nurses
Assisted in development of the International Council of Nurses

Question 17

Therapeutic communication techniques : Verbal

Open-ended Questioning

Answer 17

Does not require a specific answer and cannot be answered by yes/no; begins with “how”, “what”, “can you tell me about”

Allows the patient to elaborate freely; useful for feelings; elicit’s patients thoughts without influencing their response

How do you feel about having the surgery tomorrow?
What concerns do you have about going home?

Question 18

Position paper of the American Nurses Association

Answer 18

Outlined recommendations for the educational levels for the nurse to enter practice. Recommended a 2yr. technical education be provided in vocational and community college settings. Graduates would earn an associates degree. The professional nurse would earn a bachelor. It did not specifically discuss LVNs, but nonetheless, LPN/LVN’s proved their worth.

Question 19

Holistic health care

Answer 19

entails professionals from differing areas come together to provide comprehensive care; an all-inclusive approach to health care

Question 20

WWII: Cadet Nurse Core

Answer 20

established to provide an abbreviated training program designed to meet the needs of the war effort; federally subsidized programs in nursing were developed and offered to women and men

Question 21

Therapeutic communication techniques : Verbal

Offering Information

Answer 21

Nurse provides patient with relevant data and asks for feedback to determine patients level of understanding

Useful for patient teaching; promotes informed decision making

Diabetes education

Question 22

Therapeutic communication techniques : Verbal

Summarizing

Answer 22

Concise review of main ideas from a discussion

Focuses on key issues and allows for additional info that was perhaps omitted; useful when interaction has been lengthy or multi-topic

Question 23

Therapeutic communication techniques : Verbal

Focusing

Answer 23

Nurse encourages patient to select one topic over another as primary focus of discussion

Allows nurse to gather more specific information when the patients message is too vague

Question 24

Therapeutic communication techniques : Verbal

Reflecting

Answer 24

Assists the patient to reflect on feelings and thoughts instead of seeking answers and advice from another

Promotes independent decision making; allows the patient to see that their ideas/thoughts are important

Question 25

Therapeutic communication techniques : Verbal

Stating Observations

Answer 25

Nurse makes observations of the patient during interactions and communicates these back to the patient

Allows for clarification of the intended message when verbal cues do not match nonverbal cues

Question 26

Therapeutic communication techniques : Verbal

Summarizing

Answer 26

Concise review of main ideas from a discussion

Focuses on key issues and allows for additional info that was perhaps omitted; useful when interaction has been lengthy or multi-topic

Question 27

Approved

Answer 27

minimum standards set by the state agency responsible for overseeing the educational programs

Question 28

Accredited

Answer 28

a higher standard that signifies that the accrediting organization has judged that a program has met its pre-established criteria

Question 29

Pesthouses

Answer 29

19th century hospitals; dirty, overcrowded facilities filled with patients. Scope of care was limited, providers were untrained, hygiene was poor, which resulted in high infection and mortality rates

Question 30

Portfolio

Answer 30

organized account of an individuals education and professional accomplishments

Question 31

active listening

Answer 31

full attention to what the patient is saying; the nurse hears the message, interprets its meaning, and gives the patient feedback, indicating understanding

Question 32

aggressive comm

Answer 32

Interacts with another individual in an overpowering and forceful manner to meet one’s personal needs at the expense of the other

Question 33

altered cognition

Answer 33

physiological factor that frequently hinders communication; a patient that lacks the cognitive ability to receive, process, and send info

Question 34

assertive comm

Answer 34

Assertiveness : confidently and comfortably express thoughts and feelings while respecting the legitimate rights of the patient.
Interaction that considers the feelings and needs of the patient yet honors the nurse’s rights as an individual

Question 35

clarifying

Answer 35

takes restating and paraphrasing a step further and is useful when the message is incomplete or confusing; the nurse uses some of their own ideas about what the patient is trying to communicate in a manner that asks the patient for verification that the nurses understanding is accurate

Question 36

non-therapeutic comm

Answer 36

blocks the development of a trusting and therapeutic relationship

Question 37

therapeutic comm

Answer 37

the ideal form, which consists of an exchange of information that facilitates a positive nurse-patient relationship and actively involves the patient in all areas of care

Question 38

closed question

Answer 38

focused, specific question that follows with a one to two word answer (yes/no, etc.)

Question 39

expressive aphasia

Answer 39

patients who are unable to send the desired verbal message

Question 40

jargon

Answer 40

commonplace terminology unique to people in a particular work setting, ex. the hospital;
Ex. speaking among nurses: nephrectomy
speak towards patients: removal of the kidney/s

Question 41

Young Adulthood // 20-44

Answer 41

Intimacy vs Isolation // Seek companionship and love with another or become isolated from others

Question 42

Middle Adulthood // 45-65

Answer 42

Generativity vs stagnation // Productive, meaningful work and raise a family or become stagnant and inactive

Question 43

Late Adulthood // 65+

Answer 43

Ego integrity vs despair // Make sense out of their lives, seeing life as meaningful and whole or despairing at goals never reached and questions never answered