A&P: Ch. 1, 3, 7 Flashcards
cutaneous
cutane/o- // -ous
= relating to skin
skin // pertaining to
dermis
derm/o
= the thick layer of the skin under the epidermis
skin
epidermis
epi-
= the outer layer of the skin
upon
melanocyte
melan/o // -cyte
= an epidermal cell that secretes melanin, pigment that darkens the skin
black // cell
thermogenesis
therm/o // -genesis
= production of heat by physiological process (shivering)
heat // production
xeroderma
xer/o
= dry skin
dry
nonmelanomas
non- // melan/o // -oma
= neoplasms that arise from epithelial tissue and most commonly occur on sun-exposed areas of the body
not // balck // tumor
Solar keratosis / Actinic keratosis
kerat/o
= premalignant form of squamous cell carcinoma
hard
malignant melanoma
malignant neoplasm of the melanocytes. Because of its tendency to metastasize extensively, it is the most deadly form of skin cancer.
All moles should be monitored via ABCD’s
ABCD’s
Asymmetry // Border irregularity // Color // Diameter
macule
-ule
= flat lesion, aka Blemish; include freckles, flat mole (nevus), vitiligo, port-wine stains, the rash of measles, smallpox, some drug-induced reactions, and petechiae (pinpoint hemorrhages under the skin). A congenital nevus is a birthmark
little one
papule
an elevated lesion that looks like a solid blister; include elevated moles, lichen planus, insect bites, some skin cancers, and verrucae (wart).
pustule
small pus-containing elevation of the skin that is seen in conditions such as acne and impetigo. (A pimple is a small pustule)
wheal
aka a Hive; multiple hives are called Urticaria. A pruritic or itchy skin eruption. Urticaria is usually an allergic response to meds, food, insect venom
vesicle
vesic/o // -icle
= aka Blister; a round lesion filled with serous fluid. Characterize herpes zoster (shingles), herpes simplex, and contact dermatitis
large vesicle is called a Bulla
bladder // small
ulcer
crater-like lesion formed by the loss of the epidermis and dermis.
Decubitus ulcer – pressure-induced
Chancre – “little ulcer” lesion that develops in response to infection (syphilis)
hypopigmentation
hypo- // pigment // -ation
= Vitiligo and Albinism are conditions of hypopigmentation – melanocytes fail to secrete melanin
insufficient // pigment // state or condition
hyperpigmentation
hyper
condition where there is an abnormally high amount of pigmentation in the skin
bacterial
Impetigo (means attack) a bacterial infection that appears most often on the face and is caused by beta-hemolytic streptococci or staphylococci
furuncle
deep staphylococcal infection around a hair folicle
carbuncle
a group of interconnected furuncles
cellulitis
inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue and is most commonly caused by S. aureus or streptococci
fungal infection
Dermatophytosis (ringworm); ringworm conditions are named according to location
onychocryptosis
Ingrown nail
onychocmycosis
ringworm of the nail
paronychia
para- // onych/o // -ia
= skin infection of the nail usually around the cuticle or hangnail
alongside // nail // condition of
trichotillomania
trich/o // tilo // mania
= implusive-control disorder where person twists strands of hair until they break off
hair // pull out // abnormal impluse
psoriasis
psor-
= autoimmune disorder often confused with eczema; accumulation of skin cells form silvery scales and itchy, painful red patches
to have an itch
