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Toxicology > History of toxicology > Flashcards

History of toxicology Flashcards

1
Q

What Greek word is Toxicology derived from

A

toxicon

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2
Q

what is toxicology the study of

A

harmful effects of chemical or physical agents on living organisms

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3
Q

what is an important aspect of toxicology

A

prediction of risk of injury to a defined population of organisms under specified circumstances

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4
Q

what does chronic arsenic poisoning result in

A

hyperpigmentation of the skin

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5
Q

what is arsenic incorporated into

A

hair and nails

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6
Q

what was the outbreak of arsenic poisoning in Bradford due to

A

accidental contamination of peppermint sweets with arsenic trioxide

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7
Q

what is Diethylstillboestrol

A

a transplacental carcinogen

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8
Q

what is minamata disease a result of

A

environmental poisoning with organic mercury

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9
Q

what was thalidomide orignally used to treat

A

morning sickness

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10
Q

what was released after the chemical explosion in seveso (Italy)

A

Dioxins

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11
Q

what are the symptoms of MPTP poisoning similar to

A

Parkinson’s disease

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12
Q

What is an example of an anticancer drug

A

Arsenic trioxide

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13
Q

Features of solutions of arsenic trioxide

A

colourless, tasteless and odourless

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14
Q

What did Marsh and Reinsch develop

A

chemical tests for arsenic poisoning

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15
Q

Where is chronic arsenic poisoning a major healthcare problem

A

Bangladesh

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16
Q

Are poltchlorobiphenyls persistent organic pollutants

A

yes

17
Q

Are all substances potentially poisonous

A

yes

18
Q

who is the founder of modern toxicology

A

Orfila

19
Q

who wrote the oldest books on the subject of poisoning and its treatment

A

Nicander

20
Q

Who were Cartherine Deshayes Monvoisin and Toffana of Naples

A

professional poisoners

21
Q

what were developed from the arrow poison curare

A

modern neuromuscular blocking agents

22
Q

What did the San people of the Kalahari use as arrow poison

A

extract from beetles

23
Q

Who published work on occupational diseases in the 18th century

A

Bernadino Ramazzini

24
Q

What is clinical toxicology concerned with

A

diagnosis and treatment of poisoning

25
Q

What is another name for industrial toxicology

A

occupational health or medicine

26
Q

who wrote about poisons and their antidotes in the 12th century

A

moses maimonides

27
Q

What did felice fontana suggest

A

that toxins might target particular organs rather than have general effects on the body

28
Q

who is considered the founder of occupational medicine

A

bernadino Ram

29
Q

what was discovered in the later half of the 19th century

A

metabolism fo foreign chemicals

Toxicology (9 decks)

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