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OCC1022 > history of OT > Flashcards

history of OT Flashcards

1
Q

acts in 1930s that influenced ot

A
  • Soldiers rehabilitation act
  • Civilian vocational act
  • Treating tuberculosis
  • Great depression
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2
Q

1930s influences

A
  • Medical conditions: cardiac conditions, cerebral palsy, tuberculosis, poliomyelitis
  • Curative workshops
  • Habit training
  • Industrial therapy
  • Kinetic therapy
  • Reconditioning of military personnel
  • Therapeutic occupation
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3
Q

1940-59 influences

A
  • Large numbers of soldiers injured.
  • Development in prosthetics, assistive technology and neurodevelopment care were accelerated during this period.
  • More ot recognition
  • Emerging schools for ot
  • 1947 first William sparks book published
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4
Q

key people 1930

A 
Colonel Ruth Robinson- served in ww2. Later served as AOTA president, influenced creation of certified OT assistant programs in USA.
Jonas Salk
Margaret Rood
Karl & Berta Bobath 
 Wilma West
Paul Elwood, M.D.
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5
Q

1940 trends

A
  • Increase physical medicine and rehab
  • Differentiation from physiotherapy
  • Expansion of paediatric practice
  • Accreditation of education programs
  • New demand for OT with outbreak ww2
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6
Q

who was the first to hold diploma of to and what year

A

Ethel Francis 1933

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7
Q

crisis to 1940-1950

A

came under pressure from medicine to establish theoretical rational and empirical evidence for practice.

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8
Q

1950-1959

A
  • New drugs and technology
  • Rehabilitation Movement
  • Deinstitutionalisation Movement
  • Occupational Therapy Assistant established in 1958; began in psychiatry
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9
Q

1960-1979

A
  • Civil rights, and the Vietnam War provided important context on society as it addressed social justice
  • School based services for disabled children is mandated by law in the USA
  • American Occupational Therapy Foundation is created
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10
Q

key people 1960-1979

A

Mary Reilly, Ed.D.: influenced conceptual thinking about the importance of OT to human productivity.
• A. Jean Ayres, Ph.D.
• Gail Fidler

• Wilma L. Wes

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11
Q

define reductionism

A

refers to a scientific effort to reduce the empirical world to its least common denominator for explanation. Then they could be measured and their relationship to other units could be specified

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12
Q

whats mechanistic paradigm

A
  1. The kinesiological model
  2. The psychoanalytic model
  3. The neurological model.
    - Common dominator was the attempt to isolate particular effects that activity was meant to have on neurological, musculoskeletal or psychodynamic mechanisms.
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13
Q

important advance in the field

A
  • Substantial increase in technology for remediating specific dysfunctions
  • Occupational Therapists potential to modify patient’s pathological conditions was made more clear
  • A deeper understanding of how bodily structures and processes made possible or limited performance
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14
Q

the 2nd crisis in to

A
  • Lack of focus on OT

- Conflict amongst theorist concerning the focus of the profession and lack of theoretical support

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15
Q

what year was occupational science born

A

1980-1999

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16
Q

key people 1980-1999

A
  • Elizabeth Yerxa, Ed.D.: leaders at the university of southern californa developed first phD in occupational scinee
  • Gary Kielhofner, Dr.P.H.
  • Florence Clark, Ph.D.: leaders at university of southern California developed first phD
  • Gail Fidler
  • Wilma L. West
17
Q

define occupational science

A

the study of the human occupational being, centring on how humans realise their sense of meaning through occupation. It addresses the activity spectrum, or the rand of activities that fill the day.

18
Q

2000 - present

A
  • Digital technology and internet have profound effect on lifestyles
  • Aging population
  • Occupational science matures
  • Federal care policies emphasise importance of evidence to guide practice
19
Q

key people 2000

A
  • Ann Wilcock, Ph.D.
  • Carolyn Baum, Ph.D.
  • Elizabeth Townsend, Ph.D
  • Mary Law, Ph.D
20
Q

what did Ethel Francis do

A
  • First Australian to hold a diploma in OT
  • Graduated rom OT in united states 1934
  • Completed post graduate in UK
  • Returned to Melbourne 1935 and set up a private practice
  • 1937-1939 private practice
  • Started OT departments at royal Alexandra hospital for children
21
Q

what did Sylvia docker

A
  • Traveled to England 1934 as OT
  • Originally trained as a physiotherapist
  • Returned to AUs 1938
  • Pioneer OT services in Melbourne and worked for Victorian crippled children’s society and the Austin hospital form 1939-1941
  • Was awards an MBE in 1959 in recognition for her contributions to the OT profession
22
Q

whats did Joyce keam do

A
  • 1937 studied OT in England
  • 1939 returned to AUs and worked privately for a group of psychiatrists at Alencon private mental hospital in Malvern Victoria.- 1941 pioneered the establishment of OT department in the 2000 bed arm hospital I Heidelberg Victoria
  • 1943 promoted to the position of Chief OT at army head quarters in Melbourne’s and advisor in OT to the director of medical services.
23
Q

in 1939 who were the three trained OT in AUS

A

Ethel Francis, Sylvia Docker and Joyce Keam.

24
Q

Ot in 1940s

A
  1. Demand for women to train in the support services essential to render men fit to return the front lines
  2. Military hospitals were the major employing bodies for OT thus requiring women to undergo military trained and to assume a rank within the military hierarchy.
25
Q

issue for ot in 1940

A

visibility and acceptance

achieves in miltary

26
Q

what was the education for oT in 1940

A
  • Supported the establishment of emergency training course to meet the growing demand
  • Graduates of the 18 month emergency OT training course entered the army and were given the rank of lieutenant.
27
Q

who was the first diplosma award in OT in 1941 from the orgiganl emergency ot training center

A

Gwendoline Sims

28
Q

what was the initial intake forOT training center in Sydney and what did they study

A

28 studentstudied anatomy, physiology, psychiatry, administration, social service, analysis of occupational and application with rhythmic exercises, recreational games and drama as therapeutic agents.

  • Training also given in crafts such as weaving, carpentry, leatherwork, pottery, bookbinding, printing, lino cutes, basketry, sewing and knitting,
  • Students completed placements during the second year of the course at the royal prince Alfred hospital, royal Alexandra hospital for children and the Gladesville mental hospital.the majority of these graduates were physiotherapist who trained to be OT.
29
Q

desired traits of oT early days according Sylvia docker

A
  1. A well balanced personality
  2. Natural understanding of others
  3. The ability to mix well with all types
  4. To have a fundamental wish to do her part in the world
  5. Initiative
  6. Ingenuity
  7. Patients
30
Q

issue in 1950s

A

issue to define and clearly explain puporse of OT

31
Q

years OT deevlepod in states

A
  • 1944 OT club in sydney establish
  • 1945 victorian OT clubs was establish
  • 1946 Australian association of OT was established n NSW with sadie Philcox being elected as its first president
  • Victorian division of AAOT establish 1947
  • Queensland division of AAOT establish 1948
  • WA division of AAOT establish 1952
32
Q

associates formed in Aus

A

During early 1950s three existing state disions of the AAOt were asked to consider a draft constitution for a federal body
AAOT first official meeting in 1953
Issue discussed included minimal standards of education, membership in the WFOT and conditions for reciprocal membership with associations of other countries
AAOT made key decision to send two representatives to the WFOT meeting in1954

  • SA OT association formed 1963
  • Tasmania OT association formed 1971
  • ACT OT association framed 1979
  • NT oT association formed 1986
33
Q

develp of education in 1940s -1960

A
  • Second Austrlain school, the oT school of Victoria was establish as a n independent teritary bodyin 1948 in Melbourne
  • Training in Queensland began in 1950 at university of Queensland where student s completed a four year combined degree in physiotherapy and OT
  • WA first education program in 1061
  • The NSW brand of APA maintained training for OT until 1947 when control of the Sydney training school was transferred to the AAOT
  • Marjorie fish next director
34
Q

victorian school of OT

A
  • OT school of vic opened in 1948 with Elizabeth Osborn OT appointed director
  • 1950 Osborne replaced by Doris Wilkins
  • 30 students were enrolled each year
  • 2 half years length
  • Student s completed fieldwork placements at; royal Melbourne hospital, Bundoora hospital , children’s hospital, Alfred hospital, McLeod tuberculosis sanatorium
  • 1948 located at south yarra
  • 1953 located Toorak
  • 1966 Lincoln institute with physiotherapy and speech therapy
35
Q

development of uni in Victoria

A
  • Deakin 2001
  • Monahs 2005 first students 2006
  • ACU 2012
  • Monash graduacte entry 2014
  • Swinburne 2016
36
Q

2000-present

A
  • Have national reigsitraion through OTBA and AHPRA
  • Number of OT educaiotn proromans in AUtrlia with number of OT graduates continues to increase
  • Sourcing adequate number of practice education placements for students is becoming more challenging
  • Ongoing focus on evidence based practice
  • Increasing number of post graduate qualification
  • Funcinf of natonal diabilty insureance scheme will create new employment opportunities for therapist

OCC1022 (10 decks)

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