history of leadership

Question 1

The way things are done in an organization; the habits,traditions, customs, processes and social mores of the institution

Answer 1

CORPORATE CULTURE AND DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY

Question 2

general behavior and philosophy of a manager or an organization toward the employees; particularly the degree of participation allowed in the decision making process.

Answer 2

MANAGEMENT STYLE

Question 3

• a society, making laws, and representing the interests of the people.
• Derived from laws, constitutions, or democratic elections.

Answer 3

POLITICAL

Question 4

• Commanding and organizing armed forces, protecting national security, and conducting military operations.
• Derived from rank, experience, and the chain of command

Answer 4

MILITARY

Answer 5

RELIGIOUS

Question 6

• leaders are born, not made or trained
• evolved into the trait theories, argued that leaders can be born or made
• aim was to identify the right combination of characteristics that make an effective leader and focus was on studying the mental, social and physical traits of leaders.

Answer 6

Great Man Theory

Question 7

• evolved from trait theories and asserts that leaders are largely made, rather than born and that particular behaviours can be learnt to ensure effective leadership.
• emphasis on the actual behaviour of the leader and not on their traits or characteristics, but it largely ignores the situation and environment of the leader.
• exemplified in the numerous leadership-training programmes, which involve the development of leadership skills and behaviours, thus supporting the belief that leadership is largely learnt.

Answer 7

Behavioural Theory

Question 8

• focused on leadership in particular situations, rather than on the traits or behaviours of leaders
• focuses on the importance of context in effective leadership and supports the belief that there is no one best set of leadership traits or behaviours

Answer 8

Situational era

Question 9

• theory in which leaders encourage, inspire and motivate followers
• used when an organisation needs to be revitalised, is undergoing significant change or requires a new direction.
• Jeff Bezos, Steve Jobs, and Bill Gates
• relies on authority to motivate employees.
• works best in mature organisations that already have clearly defined structure and goals, to keep them on track, and reinforce the status quo.
• include managers, who tend to focus on supervision, processes and follower performance.

Answer 9

Transformational theory

Question 10

• so-called Captains of Industry found they could build an empire based on modern technology instead of swords.
• Oil barons, railroad magnates, and factory owners amassed large fortunes without relying on armies; often, this occurred at the expense of the people they employed.

Answer 10

Ecinomic Leaders

Question 11

• The Industrial Revolution also increased the number as scientists now had easy access to a wide range of new materials for their work.
• Psychiatry and Psychology came into prominence with studies on the workplace, in regards to improving productivity and the effect on the workforce

Answer 11

Scientific Leaders