history of care and good practice Flashcards
what helps professionals achieve good practice
the person- centred approach
what does good practice refer to
the standards that the professional has
what is bad practice involve
not using PCA
not respectful
judgemental
discriminatory
what is the role of PCA in achieving good practice
- more knowledgeable because they are involved in the process
- better relationship with professional
- less anxious
- able to ask questions and clarify concerns
when did the rapid expansion of institutions happen
19th century
what was the impact of the 19th century rapid expansion of institutions
individuals with disabilities were moved from their homes and communities into asylums and workhouses
they stayed here until they died
what were people in institutions denied
autonomy
dignity
choice
what were people in institutions regarded as
“ second class citizens”
explain the term “ healthcare was a postcode lottery”
those living in cities such as London received better care than those who lived in more rural areas
when was the NHS founded
5th July 1948
when was residential homes established for people with disabilities
1940s and 1950s
who established residential homes for people with disabilities
Leonard Cheshire
RNIB
Spastics society
where were people with disabilities sent before residential homes were established
mental institutions
when did the disabilities movement start
1960s
what did the disability rights movement lead to
the independent living movement 1970s
when was the independent living movement
1970s
when did the influence of the people’s first movement grow
1990s
what is the people’s first movement
an organisation run by and for people with learning difficulties.
Aims to campaign for the right of people with learning difficulties
what did the 1995 protests by disabled people lead to
the introduction of the disability discrimination act
when was the disability discrimination act introduced
1995
when was the introduction of direct payments
1996
what happened in 1996
the introduction of direct payments
what was introduced in 1996
direct payments
when were the last remaining institutions closed
2000
where did the PCA originate from
individuals with disabilities who wanted independent living, participation, choice, control and empowerment
it started in the disability rights movement (1960s)
who is the disability rights movement made up of
organisations of disability activists around the world working together with similar goals and demands i.e. equal opportunities
what are disability activists working together to break
institutional. physical, and societal barriers that prevent people with disabilities from living their life like other citizens
what did the independent living movement grow out of
the disability rights movement
what is the disability discrimination act
- illegal to discriminate against disabled people for employment, provision of goods etc.
- service providers must make reasonable adjustments to enable disabled people to access their services
when was it made mandatory to offer direst payments to those with an assessed need
2001
what act made it mandatory to offer direct payments to those with an assessed need
health and social care act 2012
what are the 3 models of care
institutional
medical
social
7 key features of the institutional model of care
1) one size fits all
2) professionals made all decisions
3) focused on defects
4) service users didn’t have the same rights as everyone else
5) didn’t support independent living
6) didn’t promote inclusive communities
7) not given voice/choice/control
4 key features of medical model of care
1) focuses on deficits not capabilities
2) emphasis on meeting care needs instead of quality of life
3) viewing care needs as more important than other area e.g. rights, independence
4) professional knows best
7 key features of social model of care
1) individual is at the centre of their care
2) focuses on capabilities not deficits
3) promotes independence and rights
4) promotes voice, choice, control
5) promotes inclusive communities
6) allows people to live how they wish to
7) based on coproduction
