History dates and civil rights Flashcards
When was Franz Ferdinand killed?
28th June 1914
When did World War 1 end?
11 November 1918
When was the Battle of the Somme?
1 July - 18th November 1916
When did WWII start and end?
1 Sep 1939- May 7 1945
In York, at Easter one year, Jewish people were massacred. Which year was it?
1190
On St. Valentines Day in France, in which city, in what year, were Jewish people massacred?
Strasbourg, 1349
When were the Nuremberg laws approved by the Nazi party?
15th September 1935
When did Jews rebel against the Germans in Warsaw, and how long did it take for the Germans to recover the situation?
April 1943, 33 days
When was Auschwitz liberated?
January 1945
What is the difference between Federal and State laws?
State laws govern individual states whereas federal laws govern the whole of the USA
What is the constitution?
A document containing laws , rules and processes by which the USA is to be governed, written in 1780s by the founding fathers
What is an amendment?
A change to the US constitution, proposed by congress and passed by the states
What is the Bill of Rights?
The first ten amendments to the constitution, concerning personal liberty
When did Abraham Lincoln become president (i.e. take office- he won elections a year earlier)?
March 4, 1861
When did the American Civil War start and end?
April 12th 1861 - spring of 1865
What were the 13th, 14th and 15th amendments?
13th- abolished slavery 14th- granted citizenship and equal civil and legal rights to all who were formerly enslaved 15th- prohibits an individual being denied the right to vote
How many African Americans fought in WW2?
125000
When was Rosa Parks arrested?
December 1 1995
When did Martin Luther King Jr deliver his “I have a dream” speech?
August 28th 1963
In what period of time were the Jim Crow laws active?
1870s- 1960s
Where and when did the phrase “separate but equal” come about?
Plessy vs Ferguson, 1896
Describe the Plessy vs Ferguson case
Homer Plessy, an African-American, refused to sit in a car for black people, but the court said that the difference between the cars and races was merely legal, and that his rights were not being violated.
NAACP info
National Association for the Advancement of Coloured People, set up 1909 by W.E.B. DuBois, legal defence, anti lynching
CORE info
Congress Of Racial Equality, founded 1942, focused on non-violent protests, involved bus boycott, Freedom rides, shifted to black power in 1960s
SCLC info
Southern Christian Leadership Conference, formed in Atlanta in 1957, first president was Martin Luther King, non violent action& protest
Black Panthers info
Miltant organisation, opposed to King’s non-violence, founded by Seale and Newton 1966, exposing police brutality, seen as criminal by mainstream press
When and where was the “separate but equal” doctrine found unconstitutional?
Brown vs Board of Education 1954
What two laws did away with the Jim Crow laws?
Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Act of 1965
Important events 1937-47
1941- law stated “No discrimination in employment of workers in defence industries/ government, because of race, creed, colour or national origin 1941-45- Adam Clayton (mixed-race politician) successfully campaigned for African American journalists to be accepted into congress and for African-American students into the US naval Academy 1946- President Truman creates President’s Committee on Civil Rights 1957- Jackie Robinson joins the Brooklyn Dodgers
When did the Little Rock 9 enter Central High School?
Sep 4 1957
Who was Orval Eugene Faubus?
The governor of Arkansas who fought against the desegregation of Central High
What did Faubus do to prevent the Little Rock Nine?
He mobilized the Arkansas National Guard to prevent them from entering the school
How did the Little Rock Nine eventually get to school?
Escorted by troops that President Eisenhower sent (101st Airbourne)
When was Emmet Till murdered?
28 August 1955
Who were his murderers, and when were they tried?
Bryant and Milam, September 1955
When did the Montgomery Bus Boycott end and how many days did it last?
20 December 1956, 381 days
How much was Martin Luther King Jr. fined for leading the Montgomery Bus Boycott?
$500
