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KS3 End of year test > Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

what is an element?

A

a substance that cannot be broken down to anything simpler

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2
Q

What is a molecule?

A

Two or more types of atoms, chemically bonded together.

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3
Q

what is a compound?

A

Two or more different atoms chemically bonded together

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4
Q

what is a mixture?

A

contains one or more substance

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5
Q

why does fizzing take place during a chemical reaction?

A

Fizzing takes place because of a release of Hydrogen

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6
Q

When the name of a compound ends in -IDE, how many elements are present?

A

2

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7
Q

When would a compound end in -ATE?

A

If the compound has three elements, one of them being oxygen

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8
Q

what is the product of base + acid reaction?

A

Acid + Base - Water + Salt

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9
Q

what is conservation of mass?

A

conservation of mass is the need to have a equal number of atoms on both sides of a chemical word equation. The idea that mass cannot be gained or lost.

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10
Q

what is the composition of air?

A

nitrogen - 78%
oxygen - 21%
other gases - 1%

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11
Q

what is oxidation?

A

oxidation is the process of oxygen being added to metal. Creating an oxide.

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12
Q

what type of solution is formed when a metal oxide is dissolved in water?

A

A basic solution is formed.

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13
Q

what type of solution is formed when a non-metal is dissolved in water?

A

An acidic solution is formed.

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14
Q

If a metal oxide doesn’t dissolve how does it affect the PH.

A

It does not do anything to the solution

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15
Q

name three signs of chemical reactions.

A

Fizzing - gas being released
Colour change - appearing change
temperature change

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16
Q

what will always be formed in a chemical reaction?

A

A new product will always be formed in a chemical reaction.

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17
Q

what happens in a endothermic reaction?

A

in a endothermic reaction heat is released into the environment.

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18
Q

what reaction is happening when the surroundings gets cooler?

A

An exothermic reaction is happening

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19
Q

what is the definition of concentrate?

A

the amount of particles you have in a given volume.

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20
Q

how do you test for CO2?

A

bubble a gas through limewater, the limewater will go cloudy if CO2 is present.

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21
Q

Describe the reactivity of group 1?

A
  • The lower down the group the more reactive the elements become.
  • The further down the group you go the further away the shells are from the nucleus
  • this makes the atom more stable.
22
Q

Describe the reactivity of group 7?

A
  • The reactivity decreases the further down the group you go

- This is because the halogens are non-metals meaning they want to gain electrons to complete their outer shell.

23
Q

What happens in a oxidation reaction?

A

When an oxidation reaction takes place oxygen has been added to a metal, creating a metal oxide

24
Q

Metal + Acid - ?

A

Salt + Hydrogen

25
Q

What happens when you react a metal and water?

A

Metal + Water - metal hydroxide + hydrogen

26
Q

Why can Iron not be extracted by carbon?

A

Because carbon displaces the iron.

27
Q

What process can we use to extract a substance from carbon?

A

Electrolysis

28
Q

What conditions does something need to rust?

A

Exposure to water and oxygen

29
Q

What is the Thermitt reaction?

A

Aluminium + Iron oxide - iron + aluminium

30
Q

What is a metalloid?

A

A substance that displays properties of non-metals and metals

31
Q

How does the number of the group relate to the atomic structure of a particular element?

A

The group number tells us the amount of electrons/protons on the outer shell.

32
Q

Name the three sub-atomic particles?

A
  • Protons
  • Electrons
  • Neutrons
33
Q

State the charge of a Proton?

A

charge: +1
mass: 1

34
Q

State the charge of a Electrons?

A

charge: -1
mass: 1/2000

35
Q

State the charge and mass of a Neutron?

A

charge: 0
mass: 1

36
Q

What types of particles are contained in the nucleus?

A

Protons and Neutrons

37
Q

What is an Isotope?

A

Isotopes are elements with the same atomic number but different mass number.

38
Q

How does the period number relate to the atomic structure of a particular element?

A

The period of the element tells us how many shells an element has.

39
Q

Do metals lose or gain electrons to fill their shells ?

A

Metals lose electrons to gain full shells

40
Q

Do non-metals lose or gain electrons to fill their shells?

A

Non-metals lose electrons to gain full shells.

41
Q

Do non-metals lose or gain electrons to fill their shells?

A

Non-metals gain electrons to gain full shells.

42
Q

what is the name of group 7?

A

The halogens

43
Q

What is a halide ion?

A

A halide ion is a compound with a group 7 element.

44
Q

What is an Ion?

A

An Ion is a charged atom E.G Na+ or Cl-

45
Q

Name three characteristics of The Noble Gases (Group 0/8)?

A
  • They are inert
  • They are gases
  • They are monatomic
46
Q

what is the name of group 1?

A

The Alkaline metals.

47
Q

What is combustion?

A

Combustion is a rapid chemical combination of a substance with oxygen, involving the production of heat and light. Combustion is also known as burning.

48
Q

What is produced form a precipitation reaction?

A

A precipitate (an insoluble solid)

49
Q

What is this reaction called: base + acid -> salt + water ?

A

A neutralisation reaction

50
Q

Define corrosion

A

Corrosion is when a metal is gradually destroyed by reacting with substances in the environment.

51
Q

Define rusting

A

Rusting is the corrosion of iron.

52
Q

Name a catalyst of rust?

A

Salt

KS3 End of year test (11 decks)

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