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7th Grade Trimester 2 > History Chapter 6 > Flashcards

History Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

In January 1776, Thomas Paine from Philadelphia writes ______ _______

A

Common Sense

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2
Q

Even with independence, some is at stake, so people question…

A

if they want independence still

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3
Q

Common Sense:

A

a 50 pg pamphlet that criticizes British rule

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4
Q

Common Sense felt as though it was obvious for independence to be declared based off of..

A

England’s treatment

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5
Q

By 1800, 500,000 copies of Common Sense were sold, which made Thomas Paine go to a nobody to what?

A

an instant American Hero

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6
Q

Who proposes a resolution?

A

Richard Henry Lee

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7
Q

Richard’s resolution stated that…

A

the United Colonies are and of right ought to be free and independent states

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8
Q

Who are the members of the Committee of Five?

A

Jefferson, Franklin, Adams, Roger Sherman, and Robert Livingston

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9
Q

Who is chosen to write the Declaration of Independence?

A

Thomas Jefferson

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10
Q

Jefferson was chosen to write the D.O.I. because…

A

he was well educated, one of the bright minds of America, and had a UNIQUE WRITING STYLE

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11
Q

Jefferson’s goal was:

A

“To place before mankind the common sense of the matter in terms so plain and so firm as to command their consent”

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12
Q

Jefferson’s ideas were built off the _______ and ides of _______ ______

A

Enlightenment, John Locke

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13
Q

The Preamble:

A

the introduction the DOI

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14
Q

What does the Preamble focus on?

A

emphasis on 2 human rights

Explanations on why they are to break away

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15
Q

Parts of the DOI:

A

Preamble
Natural Rights
List of Grievances
Dissolution of Bonds

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16
Q

Part I of DOI explanation:

A

discusses the basic rights that we should have as humans

  • all men are created equal
  • life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
  • we hold the truths to be self evident
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17
Q

Part II of DOI explanation:

A

-ALL the ways King George III abused the colonies (25 in total)
>Longest part of DOI
-facts-

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18
Q

Part III of DOI explanation:

A
  • The conclusion summing up everything
  • We (colonies) are now the United States of America
  • Ridding themselves of Great Britain
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19
Q

Impact of DOI:

A

the DOI is a ‘birth certificate’ adressed to the king, Parliament, etc

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20
Q

When did the members of CC approve the DOI?

A

July 4, 1776

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21
Q

What does the British attempt to do to defeat the rebellion?

A

split the colonies in two and attack the middle

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22
Q

What is General Howe’s strategy?

A

to take control of New York and land on Staten Island

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23
Q

In the Battle of Long Island (6 weeks after DOI) Washington is stuck, and makes a crucial decision, he has to fight, but may lose, or leave and act a fool. What does he do? (Add Date)

A

He retreats over the Manhattan Bridge on the Night of August 27

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24
Q

In 1777, which general wants to cut New England from the colonies with a three prong attack?

A

John Burgoyne

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25
Q

In Saratoga, who is given command of the CA?

A

General Horatio Gates

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26
Q

Horatio Gates and Benedict Arnold argue, but which one is the true unsung hero of Saratoga?

A

Benedict Arnold

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27
Q

The British army is captured and surrenders on what date?

A

October 17, 1777

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28
Q

Saratoga is the ______ _____ of the American Revolution

A

Turning Point

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29
Q

Name the 3 reasons why Saratoga is the turning point?

A

Ends Britain’s threat in North England
No longer an easy victory
Europe sees that America may have a chance

30
Q

After Saratoga, what country helps the Americans?

A

France

31
Q

*In what year does the French promise to send their navy and allies them?

A

1778

32
Q

Which countries also go to war against Britain?

A

Netherlands and Spain

33
Q

Marquis de Lafayette was an officer in GW’s army,, he was close friends with…. and is a ______ officer

A

George Washington, French

34
Q

Thaddeus, Kosciusko: (Country & Occupation)

A

Poland and an Engineer

35
Q

Casmir Pulaski: (Country & Occupation)

A

Poland and led & trained cavalries

36
Q

cavalry:

A

soldiers on horseback

37
Q

Fredrich von Steuben:

A

from the Prussian Army and taught the CA how to march, aim better, and use bayonets

38
Q

European support will help the US win the war by??

A

providing them with weapons, ships, and man power

39
Q

*George Washington decides to take… in Valley Forge

A

Winter Quarters

40
Q

What was a non-battle but extremely difficult for the Continental Army?

A

Valley Forge

41
Q

Why was Valley Forge difficult?

A

They were low on food, clothing; diseases; worst winter

42
Q

*The time spent in Valley Forge is used for ___________ for the training of soldiers

A

rejuvenation

43
Q

For African Americans in the war, what was the war considered?

A

both a danger and opportunity

44
Q

Britain offered freedom for those African Americans who…

A

deserted the Continental Army, escaped their masters and joined them

45
Q

Why didn’t Washington accept African Americans in his army?

A

he feared his other men may be racists and have conflict

46
Q

When did Pennsylvania end slavery?

A

in 1780

47
Q

In war, women take the home obligations of who?

A

men

48
Q

What did women do in the war?

A

nursing, cooking, cleaning, etc

49
Q

Who were two famous woman who helped in the war?

A

Deborah Simpson & Molly Pitcher

50
Q

Since the CC is in debt, they print continentals (paper money) but why are they useless?

A

There’s too much and they aren’t backed up

51
Q

Why do many Native American Tribes side with the British?

A

they hoped to obtain land

52
Q

George Rogers Clark:

A

sent to attack the British forts west of the Appalachian Mountains

53
Q

How did Spain unofficially help the CA?

A

they provided money and ammo, not people

54
Q

*Bernando de Galvez:

A

provides money ad ammo and allows use of the port in New Orleans

55
Q

The British have a huge advantage over the CA at sea, so what does the CA do?

A

hire privateers and attach cannons to merchant ships for bootleg warships

56
Q

*Privateers:

A

Had to act like Pirate ships

57
Q

A famous battle was off the coast of England in what year?

A

1779

58
Q

*John Paul Jones: (What is his nickname?)

A

American Sea captain of the Bonhomme Richard; Father of the American Navy

59
Q

John fought against which British ship?

A

Serapis

60
Q

John Paul Jones’ famous quote:

A

“I have not yet begun to fight”

61
Q

Who was the British Commander of the South?

A

Lord Charles Cornwallis

62
Q

What was Cornwallis’ plan?

A

to capture major cities marching north and take down the colonies 1 by 1

63
Q

Guerrilla Warfare:

A

hit and run attacks

64
Q

*What was Francis Marion known for (his nickname) for guerrilla warfare?

A

The Swamp Fox

65
Q

Nathanael Greene:

A

Commander of the Continental Army in the South

66
Q

What does Nathanael Green to divide his army?

A

splits it into two

67
Q

Who wins the battle of Cowpens?

A

Daniel Morgan

68
Q

Who was the traitor of the Americans and what place did he give up?

A

Benedict Arnold; he gave up West Point

69
Q

When does the French Navy show up?

A

Battle of Yorktown

70
Q

When does the British finally surrender at Yorktown?

A

October 19, 1781

71
Q

The British agree to do what with the French after the war?

A

to move their troops immediately from the US

72
Q

List the 4 reasons why the Americans Won?

A
  • The Americans knew the Geography
  • The Patriot Spirit
  • Skilled Leaders
  • Help from

7th Grade Trimester 2 (15 decks)

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