History: Chapter 2

Question 1

What were the ways the League of Nations settled disputes?

Answer 1

• International court of justice
• Moral condemnation
• Economic sanctions
• Military force / collective security

Question 2

Who were the three major powers that did not join the League of Nations?

Answer 2

America, Russia & Germany

Question 3

Why did America not Join the LON?

Answer 3

• Warren harding wanted isolationism
• The casualties in WW1 were very high and they didn’t want to send more troops to die
• Woodrow Wilson lost to the Congress
• USA did not want to be involved
• USA wanted full trade (not hindered by sanctions)
• USA thought they would be a puppet to Britain and France

Question 4

Why did Russia not join the LON?

Answer 4

Too communist (not allowed to join)

Question 5

Why did Germany not join the LON?

Answer 5

They were not allowed to join (but joined later)

Question 6

Who were the permanent members of the League of Nations in 1920?

Answer 6

Britain, France, Italy, Japan

Question 7

Who were the neutral people who investigated conflicts?

Answer 7

The Mandate Commisioners

Question 8

When was the Kellogg-Briand Pact signed?

Answer 8

1928

Question 9

What triggered the Japanese invasion of Machuria?

Answer 9

Chinese aggression against their railways

Question 10

Who led the LON’s investigation of the Machuria Crisis?

Answer 10

Lord Lytton

Question 11

What was Japan asked to do by the LON regarding the Manchuria crisis?

Answer 11

Japan was asked to leave Manchuria

Question 12

What was Japan’s response to the LON’S decision regarding the Manchuria crisis?

Answer 12

Japan stayed in Manchuria and left the League

Question 13

When did the Manchurian crisis start?

Answer 13

1932

Question 14

What was the League’s response to the Manchurian crisis?

Answer 14

• League officials sailed to China to assess the situation
• Four officials, including a representative from USA, went to China
• Officials spent six weeks in the province and it took a year to complete their report
• In September 1932, they issues the Lytton report (after Lord Lytton who was head of the deputation)

Question 15

When did Lord Lytton reach his judgement of the Manchuria crisis?

Answer 15

Febrary 1933

Question 16

What did the Manchurian crisis show about the League of Nations?

Answer 16

• Any major power could be aggressive
• The LON was inefficient in dealing with crises

Question 17

What were the effects of the Manchurian crisis?

Answer 17

• Britain and France were reluctant to put sanctions on Japan as they still wanted trade
• Britain and France also did not want to send troops away for collective security
• LON’s reputation was badly damaged
• Dictators like Mussolini and Hitler saw the weakness in Hitler’s power

Question 18

How did Mussolini hope to distract the Italians from the impact of the Great Depression?

Answer 18

By seizing Abyssinia

Question 19

When did the Italian troops invade Abyssinia?

Answer 19

1935

Question 20

Why didn’t Britain and France want to impose sanctions on Italy?

Answer 20

They wanted to remain allies with Mussolinin against Hitler

Question 21

What actions did the LON take against Italy?

Answer 21

• Imposed economic sanctions
• Imposed a ban on weapons, rubber and metal

Question 22

Which waterway continued to remain open for Italian ships?

Answer 22

Suez Canal

Question 23

Why should the Suez Canal have been closed and why should oil have been one of the bans on Italy?

Answer 23

It would’ve stopped Italian supplies from getting into Abyssinia; Oil meant Italy could still move men and weapons to Abyssinia (America increased their oil exports to Italy)

Question 24

Who was the Prime Minister of Abyssinia?

Answer 24

Haile Selassie

Question 25

What was the name of the agreement Mussolini signed with Hitler?

Answer 25

Rome-Berlin Axis

Question 26

Who were Hoare and Laval?

Answer 26

British and French foreign ministers

Question 27

What was the Hoare-Laval Pact?

Answer 27

An agreement between Hoare, Laval and Mussolini stating that Mussolini would get two thirds of Abyssinia if he called off the invasion

Question 28

What was the result of the Hoare-Laval Pact?

Answer 28

Hoare and Laval bscheme was leaked to the press, this made the LON seem like a failure and no one went to the LON for help anymore.

Question 29

When was the World Disarmament Conference?

Answer 29

1932