History: Chapter 1 Flashcards
What were the 4 terms of the Treaty of Versailles? + acronym
B lame
R eparations
A rmy / armaments
T erritory
What was the clause for Blame in the Treaty of Versailles?
War Guilt Clause / Article 231
How much reparations did Germany have to pay?
6.6 billion British Pounds
How many men was the German army limited to?
100,000
What army weapons were the Germans not allowed to manufacture / possess?
Tanks, aircrafts and submarines
List 4 areas in Germany that were lost to either the League of Nations or other countries
Posen & Polish corridor (Poland), Saar Region (LON), Alsace-Lorraine (France), Eupen-Malmedy (Belgium), Upper Silesia (Poland), Memel (Lithuania), Northern Schleswig (Denmark), Danzig (LON)
*any 4 is applicable
What happened to Germany’s colonies?
They were mostly taken control of by France and Britain
Alsace-Lorraine was gained by Germany in what war?
Franco-Prussian War
Germany was forbidden from uniting with which country?
Austria
Why were some French people pleased with the Treaty of Versailles?
It removed the threat of another German invasion
Why did some British people support the Treaty of Versailles?
Germany had been punished for the deaths of family members
Why did some British people oppose the Treaty of Versailles?
They were not sure if it would bring peace as they didn’t know how Germany would react
Why did some people argue that the Treaty of Versailles did not punish the right people?
The Kaiser, who began the war, abdicated
What percentage of Germany’s populations were absorbed into other countries following the Treaty of Versailles?
12.5%
What did France want to do with German territory?
Split/Break it into a series of small weak states
Which harsh treaty did Germany impose on Russia in 1918?
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Who was the British Prime Minister?
David Lloyd George
Who was the President of the USA?
Woodrow Wilson
Who was the Prime Minister of France?
Georges Clemenceau (The Tiger)
What were Lloyd Geoge’s two key priorities at Versailles?
To make sure Germany did not suffer, to have peace and trade
What did Lloyd George want to do with the German Empire?
Take some of Germany’s overseas colonies and add them to the British Empire
When was the Franco-Prussian War?
1870 - 1871
What was Georges Clemenceau’s primary aim at Versailles?
Revenge on Germany, make France safe from any possible German attack in the future or to weaken Germany as much as possible
What kind of peace did Woodrow Wilson want?
Just and lasting peace
Why didn’t Clemeceau trust Lloyd George?
Lloyd George was willing to go easy on Germany in Europe but not at an international level
What were two of Woodrow Wilson’s satisfactions?
- Got a League of Nations
- Self-determination for the people of Eastern Europe
What were two of Woodrow Wilson’s disappointments?
- Some of his 14 points (idealistic aims) did not get into the Treaty of Versailles
- The senate of America refused to join the LON and refused to sign the Treaty of Versailles
What were four of Clememceau’s satisfactions?
He liked the harsh things in the treaty:
- reparations (repair the damage to France)
- reduced German army
- demilitarised zone in the Rhineland would protect France
- France got Alsace-Lorraine and some of Germany’s colonies
What were six of Clemeceau’s dissapoinments?
- He wanted Germany broken into small states (make them weaker)
- He wanted the Saar permanently (only got 15 years under LLON mandate)
- Wanted to gain the Rhineland for strategic and industrial reasons
- Wanted the German army to be smaller than 100,000
- Reparations were not immediately paid to France
- Wanted a treaty similar to Brest-Litovsk that was harsher
What were two of Lloyd George’s satisfactions?
- Britain got some German colonies
- Small German Navy (helped Britain to “rule the waves”
What were two of Lloyd George’s disappointments?
- Treaty was too harsh and would ruin Germany
- Cause another war in 25 years time
In what year was the reparations sum set?
1921
Which recruitment system was the German army banned from using?
Conscription
