Biology: Chapter 1 Flashcards
7 characteristics of living organisms
Growth, Movement, Sensitivity, Respiration, Nutrition, Reproduction, Excretion
Definition for Growth
A permanent increase in size and dry mass by an increase in cell number or cell size or both
Definition of Movement
An action by an organism causing a change of position or place
Definition of Sensitivity
The ability to detect or sense stimuli and respond to changes in the environment
Definition of Respiration
The chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules and release energy
Definition of Nutrition
Taking in nutrients for energy, growth and development
Definition of Reproduction
The processes that make more of the same kind of organism
Definition of Excretion
Removal from organism of toxic materials and substances in excess of requirements
4 forms of classification of organisms
- morphology
- DNA similarities
- anatomy
- ability to produce fertile offspring
Definition of Species
A group of organisms that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring
8 levels of classifications of organisms
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Acronym of levels of classification
Do Kings Play Chess On Fine Grain Sand?
5 Kingdoms of Living Organisms
Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protoctist, Prokaryote
Characteristics of Animal Kingdom
- cell have nucleus
- no cell wall
- no chloroplast
- feed on organic substances made by other living organisms
Characteristics of Plant Kingdom
- cells have nucleus
- contain cell walls (made of cellulose)
- contains chloroplasts
- feed by photosynthesis
- may have roots, stems, flowers and leaves (not all)
Characteristics of Fungi Kingdom
- cells have nuclei
- contains cell wall
- no chlorophyll
- feed by digesting waste organic materials (saprophyte or parasite)
- usually multicellcular (except yeast)
- decomposers
- made of microscopic threads (hyphae)
Definition of Decomposers
Organisms that break down organic substances outside their bodies, releasing nutrients from them that other organisms can use
Definition of Spores
Very small groups of cells surrounded by a protective wall, used in reproduction