History and Symptoms Flashcards
what could constant DV blur mean?
-if onset is gradual then myopia
-nuclear sclerosis if older patients have a myopic shift
what could intermittent DV blur mean?
-in young diabetic patients, it could be variable myopia
-pseudomyopia if triggered by long periods of close work
what could intermittent NV blur mean?
presbyopic if it gets better in daylight or gd lighting
what are the symptoms of a headache due to intra-cranial pressure (ICP)
-tends to be worse upon awakening
-worse with physical exertion like coughing or bending down
-sometimes has diplopia or vomiting
what are the symptoms of headaches due to giant cell arteritis (GCA)?
-temporal location of headaches
-may be accompanied by scalp tenderness, shoulder pain and ma
what are the symptoms of optic neuritis/ a compression lesion of the optic nerve?
-peri ocular pain
-sudden vision loss
what diseases can cause ocular pain?
-microbial keratitis
-acute angle closure glaucoma
what are the Sx of visual migrane
-typical pattern
-with or without aura
-tinnitus
-nausea
what type of people are floaters common in?
-older people as they arise due to normal age-related changes in the vitreous
-high myopes
what causes flashes?
when liquefaction of the vitreous causes PVD, a risk factor for retinal detachment
if dipopia is vertical (images are side by side) what type of diplopia is it most likely?
pathological/ traumatic diplopia
what kind of diplopia is most common? monocular or binocular?
binocular
what can cause monocular diplopia?
-refractive error
-astigmatism
-macular disease
-cataract
what can cause binocular diplopia?
-orbital disorder
-extraocular muscle disorder
-neuromuscular junction dysfunction
-third, fourth and sixth cranial nerve palsy
-injury to the CNS
give 5 visual causes of asthenopia (eye strain)
-ametropia
-accommodative dysfunction
-presbyopia
-binocular anomaly
-poor illumination
