History 703 Flashcards
What is a primary source?
A primary source was written by someone who was alive at that time.
What is a secondary source?
A secondary source was written by someone who was not alive at that time.
What are 3 examples of a secondary source?
Secondary = textbook, book based on the past, biography websites.
What are 3 examples of a primary source?
Primary = Historic document, newspaper, map, diary, autobiography.
Explain at least two strengths and two weaknesses of a Primary Source
2 strengths for a primary source are they are closer in time to the events they write about, and are in a better position to know what actually happened. 2 weaknesses are incomplete and have little context. Also eyewitness accounts, may be too close to the subject, lacking a critical distance.
Explain at least two strengths and two weaknesses of a Secondary Source
2 strengths are secondary data provides a time-efficient and easy to obtain source of information for your project by saving the time and cost required of conducting the research yourself. 2 weaknesses are that they are hard to find, access, or use due to their rarity, fragility, or restricted access. And they can be incomplete, inconsistent, or inaccurate due to gaps, errors, contradictions, or distortions.
What were the Articles of Confederation?
The United States first government system.
How many votes did each state receive in the national government established by the Articles of Confederation?
1 vote
What were the two main accomplishments of the Congress of the Confederation?
a. Explain each of these ordinances (or laws).
The Land ordinance- how we got money + t laid out the process by which lands west of the Appalachian Mountains were to be surveyed and sold.
Northwest ordinance- what we based our government after +chartered a government for the Northwest Territory, provided a method for admitting new states to the Union from the territory, and listed a bill of rights guaranteed in the territory.
What were the two main accomplishments of the Congress of the Confederation?
Why was each of these laws important? (Why do they affect us today?)
1 they chartered the first U.S. bank; and 2 it called for the seizure of Native land through measures like the Northwest Ordinance of 1787.The Land ordinance was how we got money and taught us how to tax
The Northwestern ordinance we modeled our first government after
Why was the Congress of the Confederation weak? Give two reasons.
Couldn’t tax exempt on tax so they couldn’t get money for the government .
Had a ton of domestic problems couldnt make allies with many countries meant they couldn’t trade as much
With which countries did the Congress of the Confederation have problems?
England- wouldn’t trade also kept soldiers in the northwestern territory which was good for trade
- Spain- wouldn’t let them use new Orleans port so that they could trade
What was the nature of the problems with each of these countries? (Spain and England)
Spain stayed catholic as England became protestant
Than America got their own country and England was mad
What was Shays Rebellion and include why it happened and how it ended.
It was a rebellion made by farmers because state taxes were too high and it ended with the constitution being rewritten.
How did what Shays Rebellion including why it happened and how it ended. Affect the Constitutional Convention?
It changed the whole constitution.
What was the original purpose of the delegates who arrived in Philadelphia in the summer of 1787? What did they do instead?
to address the problems of the weak central government that existed under the Articles of Confederation. They edited the articles of confederation
How many delegates from how many states were there in Philadelphia?
55
What was the Virginia Plan?
Each states number of representatives in the government is based on population + a strong national government with three branches, or parts. A legislative branch would make laws. An executive branch would carry out, or execute, the laws. A judicial branch, or system of courts, would apply and interpret the laws.
Who proposed the Virginia plan?
Edmund Randolp
What was the New Jersey plan?
New Jersey Plan represented the less populated states and wanted each state in the nation to have an equal amount of representatives in government
Who proposed the New Jersey plan?
William Paterson
What was the Great Compromise? How did it solve the problem of how states were to be represented in the new government?
The Great Compromise promised the creation of a legislature composed of the House of Representatives and the Senate. It settled the method of representation in the legislative branch
What was the Three-Fifths Compromise?
It was when the country counted each slave as ⅗ of a person.
What are the functions of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government regarding the laws?
Legislative = Makes the laws
Executive = Approves and carries out the laws
Judicial = Interpret the laws and apply them to actual situations
What are the legislative, executive, and judicial branches on the national, state, and local levels of government in the United States? (Know the names of the offices)
Legislative = Congress, Senate, The council
Executive = President, Governor, Mayor
Judicial = The supreme court, State supreme court,The magistrate
Which six principles behind the Constitution help it to function effectively? Be sure you are able to define and explain each term or principle.
A government of the people- the people get a say
Limited government- there isn’t too many rulers
Checks and balances- to keep the three branches in check
Federalism- having power shared between the state and the country
Judicial review - courts have the authorities to see if the other branches are following the constitution
Popular sovereignty- citizens have the ultimate power
How long is one term for Senators?
6 years
How long is one term for Representatives?
2 years
How many Senators are there in the Senate today?
100 members, two from each state.
Who are New York’s two Senators?
Chuck Schumer and Kiristen Gillibrand
How many Representatives are there in the House of Representatives today?
The House has 435 members
How long is one term for the President of the United States?
4 years
What are the three qualifications for being President of the United States?
Be a natural-born citizen of the United States.
Be at least 35 years old.
Have been a resident of the United States for 14 years.
How many justices sit on the U.S. Supreme Court?
9 justices
How long do justices on the U.S. Supreme Court serve?
Supreme court justices serve lifetime appointments.
Who is currently the Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court?
John G. Roberts, Jr.
Who is the current governor of New York?
Kathy Hochul
Who is the current mayor of New York City?
Eric Adams
How many states needed to ratify, or approve, the Constitution in order for it to go into effect?
9 states
What is the purpose of the system of checks and balances?
To make sure all the branches have equal power and are not corrupt
Confederation
An organization which consists of a number of parties or groups united in an alliance or league.
Census
A usually complete count of a population (as of a state).
Inflation
A general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money.
Monarchy
Rule by kings and queens in which power is passed down through the family.
Dictatorship
Government in which one person has complete power
Republic
A government in which power is held by the people who elect representatives to act on their behalf.
Democracy
Government by the people everyone has a say in the government.
Executive checks
Executive:
Executive to Judicial = They choose justices on the board.
Executive to Legislative = President can say no to laws.
Legislative checks
Legislative:
Legislative to Executive = Can veto president’s veto. Can take the president out of office. Can say no to treaties.
Legislative to Judicial = Set number of judges on the supreme court.
Judicial checks
Judicial:
Judicial to Legislative = Can say laws dont connect to the constitution. Dosent follow what the constitution says.
Judicial to Executive = Can tell the president there not following constitution rules.