History Flashcards
Name 5 characteristics of life in pre-industrial Britain.
- Poor transport
- Poor communication and widespread illiteracy
- Violence
- Rigid class divisions
- People lived in rural areas
What was popular recreation?
The sport and pastimes of people in pre-industrial Britain
Give 5 characteristics of pre-industrial football (mob football).
- Played rurally- villages in countryside’s would play against each other
- Violent and played only by men (also only the lower classes played)
- Used natural resources- pigs bladder for the football
- Lack of free time meant it was only played occasionally- once a year.
- Because they were uneducated there were no rules
Why were many pre-industrial sports banned?
- Violent and unruly causing death and injury
- Led to damage of property
- Involved gambling and betting
Give 5 characteristics of royal/real tennis.
- Exclusive activity- played by upper class
- Complex rules
- Played people across the country
- It was a skilful game
- Had good resources, facilities and equipment
Define rational recreation.
Sports played by the lower classes in the 19th century, that were designed by the middle classes.
Give 3 characteristics of rational recreation.
- Ordered
- Organised
- Controlled
What did Dr William Penny Brookes do?
He invented the Wenlock Olympian games and campaigned for physical education to be on the school curriculum.
What was the industrial revolution?
When Britain changed from a rural feudal system to an industrialised, capitalist and urban system.
What were the negative effects of the industrial revolution that came first? HITFOR
- Poor health and hygiene- pollution
- Low incomes- low wages for factories
- Lack of leisure time as were working in factories
- No facilities
- Overcrowding in urban areas
- Loss of rights to play games like mob football
What were the positive effects of the industrial revolution that came next?
- Health and hygiene improved- public baths
- Gradual increase in wages- laws and acts
- Value of athleticism spread to lower classes
- Improvements in transport and communication- easier and cheaper
Define urbanisation
Large numbers of people moving from rural countryside areas to urban areas for work
How did urbanisation change sport?
- There was less space so stadiums and better facilities had to be built
- Large working class populations who wanted to play sport but also needed entertaining
- Loss of traditional violent sports.
- There were changes to factory laws meaning people had more free time.
How did the development of transport help sport?
Meant people could travel further and faster. This allowed for nationwide fixtures on a regular basis. People could now do sports like rambling because they could get into the countryside.
What effect did better communications have?
More people could now read and write. This meant they could read about fixtures, results, rules and their sporting heroes.
