HISTORY Flashcards
Whats the meaning of Catholic
universal or encompassing all
What does pope mean
Father protecter
what are the 7 sacraments
Baptism washing away one’s sin.
confirmation to bring him fully into the church and to strength his walk,
penance sorrow, confession to a priest, satisfaction things done to fix sins, absolution forgiveness by a priest
The holy communal is the priest sacrifices Christ anew during this (mass) the priest claims to turn the wine into the real blood and the bread the body of Jesus
Matrimony
holy orders set’s apart a man to become a priest
Extreme Unction something called the las rights gives a blessing to a really sick person
when the priests “change” the blood and body of christ into him really what is it called
transustantianton
the enlisted man were called what
clergy
they lost a lot from drunkness, immoral living, and family strife. they became known as what
The do-nothing kings
the real power belonged to who?
mayor of the palace
what was the nonenlisted man called?
laity
what happend on 800
the pope placed a crown on his head and crowned him emperor
who were the most powerful people in Germany
franks
in 148 who became the head of the Frankish tribe
the Clovis
who was the mayor of the palace
pepin the short
what house ruled the franks
carolingian house
this royal line of family was known as the what?
merovingian house
the best mayor of the palace was who
Charles Martel
what happened in 732 AD (battle of tours)
charles won his fame but stopping the Muslims he became known as Martel or hammer
lords
holders of all the land
fiefs
lands grants
who were the germanic who moved into Italy
Lombards
Pepin defeated the Lombards and gave the land to the pope known as what
donation of Pepin
Charles was a great king that gave him the name what
Charlemagne
Charlemagne created the office of what
missi Dominic
they made a new handwriting called what
Carolingian minuscule
afters years of fighting the brothers decided to split the land into 3 this is called what
Treaty of Verdun in 843
`the brothers that split the land who took what
Charles the blade got West Frankland. Louis the german got east Frankland and the oldest Lothair got the title of emperor.
from the east came the what a group of Asiatic nomads
Magyars
the most feared invaders were the what
Vikings
what was the king’s servant called
vassal
every new vassal could become a lord the was called a what
subinfeudation
what was the ceremony that a man became a vassal called
homage
by the act known as a what the lord gave the vassal the right to use the fief
investiture
what was the center on life for the nobility
the castle
who protected life and property during the middle ages
knights
the knight promised to live by a code called what
chivalry
what was the home for a lot of the people living is western Europe
the manor
One-sixth to one-third of the arable was set apart as the lords what
demesne
the middle ages most manors employed a what system of farming
two field system
the what system came into comment use in northern Europe
the 3 field system
a small pursion on the monor were what they were the better peasenst or worked as a specialist in something
a freeman
the majotity of people living on the manor were pesents called what
serfs
tried to improve the conduct of the knights and also tried to limitations on fudal warfare through decrees called what
peace of God and truce of God
the best rep of the midevil popes was who
gergory the 1st
who were the two mid evil missionaries monks
Patrick who took the bible to Ireland nd boniface who was known as the apostle of the germans
the what rule disciplined the monks
benedictine rule
a place of punishment where souls bold for heaven must go after death to atone for their “minor” unconfessed sin
Petrine theory
the bishop of Roam was?
Leo the 1st
kings were claiming that it was their right to appoint office officials and religious authority this was known as the what
lay investitures
the buying and selling of regions or blessed articles or goods
simony
members of theses orders were called what meaning brothers
friars
the punishment a person by not letting them into heaven and kicking them out of the church is called what
excommunication
when the pope was mad at the king the pope would stop having church services in his city is called what
interdict
when people would claim for someone to have heresy and if so they would but weights to their feet and put them in the lake if they were not guilty they would go to the bottom is if they were guilty they would float this is called what
inquisition
the tribe leaders called what were the “protectors”
dukes
each duke ruled like a king in his own territory called a what
duchy
the german empire became known as the what
Holy roman empire
henry’s son blank often called the great became one of the strongest german kings
Otto the first
the german nobles selected the Saxon duke who’s name was?
Henry the Fowler
in 1152 the german princes hoped to bring a end to the civil wars by choosing as king a member of the what family
Hohenstaufen
who became king called Barbarossa (red Beard)
Frederick 1st
the last noble Hohenstaufen ruler was who the grandson of Fredrick the first
Frederick the 2st
germanic tribes from northern Europe such as the what and what invaded Britain
Angle and Saxons
this ruler of the Saxon kings defeated the Danes and was his name
Alfred the great
his realm was divided into many local districts called what
Shires
in addition monks began to compile the what which traces the history from England to Roam
Anglo-Saxon chronicles
the english elected who to become the king
harlod
on october 14 1066 the armies of willam duke of normandy and harlod early of wessex met is the famous what
battle of hastings
fuasl vassals called what
tenants in chief
the findings of the survey were collected in anrecord called what
domesday book
the crown passed to by angevin family founded by who
henrey the 2
before the circurt arrived in a shire a bunch of men would make a list of chrimes made this is called what
indictment
this helped ensure justice and helped draw the enlish people together called what
comman law
after henreys death his oldest brother bacame king who was he
Richard the first
the death of richard came who
john
in 1215 a meadow near london they forced john to set his seal to the what
magna carta (great charter)
one of Enlands fav kings he wanted to take over wales scotland and england he was?
Edward the first
the most important thing king Edward was he made the what
Parliament
the peopel controling the money is called what
the power of the purse
in 987 chose the count of paris blank as their king
Hugh capet
who became known as the founder of france (augustus)
philip the 2
philips granson has been called the ideal king his name was
louis the ix
the climax of capetian rule came during the reign of who
Philip IV
who stepped in and coposed that no king could compose taxes
pope boniface VIII
Paris
estate genreal
in 1095 pope blank adressed a cuncel of church leaders his name was
urban II
the what means cross
crusades
there were 8 crusades between when
1095-1291
define feudalish and explain why it became a thing
as charlemagne’s empire fell apart the nobles took the place of the kings so a new policial system came to be which the nobles offered protction for others services this bcame fudaliam. the land holding nobles had all the power (lords) but really the king had all the power but when invarers came the king hod to relie on his nobles to protect him. so they proteced him and he gave land. once a person got a peice of land he became the kings servant (vassal) a vassal never really known the land he just got to use it for his services. the kingdom was week and there was to many invaders coming in and the king need protection that why is became the main system durning the middle ages
what was 2 reason that the decline of feudalism in the middle ages
the crusads weakend the fudal structur of eourpe fudel nobles raiseing money to go on curses peopel left the manor wit hope to find new oppointys with the fall of the fudel struter came the strong nations ruled by kings gained to tax so pretty much More trade saw the growth of more towns
Peasants moved away from the country into towns they were eventually allowed to buy their freedom and Nobles became weaker - the Kings took back their lands and power
the conflct between the cjurch and leaders
in the middle ages there was a lot of coflict betweer the church and the kings you see the church would tell there people that the only way into heaven was to give to the church but after a wile the king hernry started his own church because the pope woundn’t let him marrie who he wanted to
what was exchanging goods for goods called
barter
a gold coin minted by the city of Florence was what
florin
whay became importian in the markets and traid
moneychangers
for goods sold a price that included the cost of matriles and a reasonable price is called
just price
the church would not alow the pratice of changing untrest for the use of lent money is called what
usury
this privilage granted a town by a fudal lord were usally written down in a legal document called a what
charter
they formed a organizations called what that regulated the busens in the town
guilds
a young boy begain his traning as a what
appretice
after his appretieship he became a what
journeymans
to become a what you had to a lot of work and finish your master peace and take on a oth
master
a new class came in it had merchants bankers and crafte]s men it was called what
the middle class
they studied to things what was the grammar latin speaking and locic one called
trivium
and the what cosisting of music ect.
quadrivium
the schools got a home for inew intellectual movement knowns as the what
scholasticism
association peopel like guild were called what
universita
peopel begain to use the langush of what for literature
vernacular
wandering minstrels called what populizated the vernacule in portry
trubadours
thia guy was onw os the best Enlish poets what was his name he made the canterbury tales
Geoffery Chaucer
england and france fot in a fight duening 1337-1453 this became known as the what
100 year war
the enlish king whos maoter was the sister of 3 kings before his name was what
Edward the 111
this girt was “amazing” but was really crasy her name was
joan of arc
