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yr9 eoys > history > Flashcards

history Flashcards

1
Q

what does wspu stand for?

A

womens social and political union

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2
Q

whats the nickname for the wspu?

A

the suffragettes

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3
Q

when was the wspu formed?

A

1903

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4
Q

what were the wspus campaign methods?

A

hunger strikes, window smashing, firebombs, chaining themselves to government buildings, throwing rocks, blowing up post boxes

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5
Q

who was the wspus leader?

A

emmeline pankhurst

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6
Q

what does nuwss stand for?

A

national union of womens suffrage society

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7
Q

whats the nuwsss nickname

A

the suffragists

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8
Q

when was the nuwss formed

A

1897

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9
Q

what were the nuwsss campaign methods?

A

waved flags/banners, made leaflets/newspapers, protested but peacefully

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10
Q

who was the nuwsss leader?

A

millicent fawcett

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11
Q

what were some arguments FOR women getting the vote?

A

-parliaments decision affect women too
-some single women have the same responsibilities as men
-uneducated men can vote but educated women can’t
-women have skills which they can use to make parliament even better

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12
Q

what were some arguments AGAINST women getting the vote?

A

-a women’s role is to be a home-maker and mother, men take the difficult decisions
-women don’t fight in wars for the country so they shouldn’t decide if the country should go to war
-they’re too emotional to be trusted
-they’re pure and should be protected from grubby politics
-they’ll be encouraged to neglect their family duties

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13
Q

when did the suffragettes begin a campaign of direct action?

A

1908

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14
Q

why did the suffragettes believe the government wasn’t doing anything about female suffrage?

A

because they thought they didn’t see it as a serious issue

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15
Q

what was the aim of their militancy?

A

to make it a serious issue the government couldn’t ignore. a woman getting arrested for her cause would get publicity and show how important it was to her

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16
Q

what are some examples of the suffragettes militancy?

A

-edith new chained herself to the railings in downing street and made speeches. she got arrested
-emily davison was killed trying to put a banner on a horse
-the suffragettes threw stones at the windows of 10 downing street and slashed paintings and smashed statues in art galleries
-women set fire to post boxes and poured acid on golf courses and cricket pitches

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17
Q

when and where did emily davison die?

A

1913 at the epsom derby

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18
Q

when was emily pankhurst imprisoned and what for?

A

april 1913 for her part in planning acts of violence

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19
Q

what was the result of the suffragettes going on hunger strikes?

A

the government decided to force feed them to keep them alive

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20
Q

how did the suffragists help in the first world war?

A

they used their publicity machine to encourage men to sign up

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21
Q

how did the suffragettes help in the first world war?

A

they agreed to stop their violent campaigning and in return the government released imprisoned suffragettes. they supported the war effort and made speeches encouraging women to do war work

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22
Q

what were some womens jobs during the war?

A

land girls, munitions, bus drivers and post women

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23
Q

when did parliament pass a new suffrage law and what was it?

A

in 1918 all women over the age of 30 were given the right to vote. married women over the age of 21 and those who owned property were also given the vote

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24
Q

when was the reichstag fire?

A

27th february 1933

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25
Q

who was found guilty of the reichstag fire?

A

marinus van der lubbe

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26
Q

when was van der lubbe executed?

A

9th january 1934

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27
Q

how many communist leaders were arrested on the night of the reichstag fire?

A

4000

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28
Q

when did hindenburg pass the decree for the protection of the people of the state?

A

28th february 1933

29
Q

what was the decree for the protection of the people of the state?

A

it gave the police powers to search homes and imprison people without trial. they could also ban meetings and close newspapers. goering also took over state radio

30
Q

what was the state of emergency?

A

when there was an ‘emergency’, hitler could govern by decree

31
Q

what was the problem with the state of emergency?

A

nobody specified what an emergency actually was, so they could call an emergency and allow hitler to govern whenever they wanted

32
Q

when was the election?

A

5th march 1933

33
Q

how many seats did the nazis gain in the election?

A

288

34
Q

when was the enabling act passed?

A

23rd march 1933

35
Q

what was the enabling act?

A

hitler could pass laws for 4 years without the reichstags approval

36
Q

what happened during removal of opposition?

A

-31st march 1933- 18 state parliaments closed down and reorganised so nazis had majority, appointed nazi state governors to make laws. january 1934 abolished parliaments altogether
-2nd may 1933 nazis broke into trade union officers and arrested their leaders. created the daf and forced workers to join them
-10th may 1933 social democrats suspended, end may 1933 communist party suspended, july 1933 hitler banned all political parties except the np

37
Q

when were röhm and 200 sa officers arrested?

A

30th june 1934

38
Q

when was röhm shot?

A

1st july 1934

39
Q

who else (other than röhm) were killed during the night of the long knives?

A

other ememies like kahr, schleicher and strasser

40
Q

what did hitler say his reasoning was for the night of the long knives?

A

he claimed he was defending germany against a plot led by röhm

41
Q

when was hindenburgs death?

A

2nd august 1934

42
Q

what was the title of hitlers role?

A

führer

43
Q

what is a police state?

A

a totalitarian state in which the government uses the police to control the population

44
Q

what did hitler do to the school teachers?

A

he created the nazi teachers league, attended nazi training camps to learn how to pass on nazi values and rewrote textbooks.

45
Q

what subjects did hitler change?

A

he introduced race studies, mein kampf and domestic lessons for girls. he emphasised pe and taught about the rise of the nsdap in history. maths was based around military problems and geography taught the need for lebensraum etc

46
Q

what are some examples of youth groups they introduced?

A

young german folk (boys aged 10-14) and hitler youth (boys aged 14-18)

47
Q

who opposed the new systems?

A

parents and young people

48
Q

what was the mothers cross?

A

an award which encouraged large families. the gold award was given to mothers with 8 children

49
Q

what was the lebensborn programme?

A

a programme which allowed women to have babies with ss men so the children would be ‘pure’

50
Q

what were women encouraged to do?

A

to not wear makeup, instead to wear flat shoes and homemade clothes. smoking and drinking were seen as ‘unladylike’

51
Q

what were the main aims of hitlers foreign policy?

A

to overturn the treaty of versailles, expand german territory and destroy communism

52
Q

explain the remilitarisation of the rhineland

A

on 7th march 1936 hitler ordered his troops to march into the rhineland. they were ordered to withdraw at the first sign of french resistance, but the french did nothing

53
Q

explain anschluss

A

hitler wanted to unite germany and austria. hitler encouraged austrian nazis to challenge the austrian government. the austrian chancellor planned to hold a plebiscite to allow the austrian people to vote on whether they should join germany but hilter thought this was too risky. he demanded schuschniggs resignation and troops entered austria and absorbed it into germany

54
Q

when did the german troops enter austria

A

12th march 1938

55
Q

explain sudetenland

A

hitler claimed that the 3mil german speakers were being mistreated by the czech government and he demanded control of the sudetenland. he initially accepted a deal that would give him the areas with most germans, but then changed his mind and said he’d invade if he didn’t gave all of the sudetenland by 1st october 1938. britain and france gave it to him

56
Q

when was the invasion of poland?

A

1st september 1939

57
Q

explain the invasion of poland

A

germany invaded using blitzkreig tactics. the british demanded germany withdraw and when they didn’t, britain declared war on germany

58
Q

when did britain declare war on germany?

A

3rd september 1939

59
Q

what did appeasement involve?

A

conceeding to the seemingly reasonable demands of an aggressor in order to avoid war

60
Q

what year did neville chamberlain become the british pm?

A

1937

61
Q

why did britain follow a policy of appeasement?

A

-wanted to avoid what happened in ww1
-many people thought the treaty of versailles was too harsh and didn’t want to go to war to defend it
-britain was still recogering from the great depression
-they believed germany would act as a buffer
-britain’s army wasn’t ready for war

62
Q

what are 3 examples of appeasement?

A

rhineland, anschluss and sudetenland

63
Q

when was the nazi-soviet pact signed?

A

23rd august 1939

64
Q

what was the nazi-soviet pact?

A

germany and the soviet union agreed not to go to war with each other for 2 years and (secretly) invade poland and divide it between them

65
Q

why did hitler sign the nazi-soviet pact?

A

to enable him to invade poland without having to fight a war on two fronts and to stop the soviet union forming an alliance with britain and france

66
Q

why did stalin sign the nazi-soviet pact?

A

he wanted parts of poland that had historically belonged to russia, he didn’t trust britain and france and he needed time to build up his armed forces to fight germany in the future

67
Q

how did britain respond to the nazi-soviet pact?

A

they signed the anglo-polish mutual assistance pact, promising to defend poland if germany attacked

68
Q

when did britain sign the anglo-polish mutual assistance pact?

A

25th august 1939

69
Q

what did the nazi-soviet pact allow hitler to do?

A

invade poland, which provoked a response from britain and france bevause they were allies with poland

yr9 eoys (12 decks)

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