History

Question 1

Ancient Genesis of PR

Answer 1

Dating back to 1800 BC - Farm bulletin in Iraq

Question 2

American beginnings

Answer 2

American Revolution’s struggle for power
Harvard College in 1641
Samuel Adams - Revolutionary War - Swaying Early Adopters
Sons of Liberty in Boston 1766
Boston Tea Party - staged event
Common Sense by Thomas Paine - advocacy for revolution - White Paper
Declaration of Independence - Product Launch, Press Release
Federalist Papers - “History’s finest public relations job.”

Question 3

Andrew Jackson’s Kitchen Cabinet

Answer 3

Amos Kendall - first Presidential Press Secretary

Question 4

Early adoption of technologies

Answer 4

Electricity, telegraph, telephone and automobile

Question 5

Origins of Press Agentry

Answer 5

Myth of Davy Crockett - Nicholas Biddle
P.T. Barnum and the circus
Railroad publicists - Charles Russell Lowe

Question 6

20th Century PR origins

Answer 6

Industry, railroads and utilities set the stage

Question 7

First corporate PR Dept.

Answer 7

George Westinghouse in 1889

Question 8

Stages of deployment

Answer 8

According to Bernays -
Public be damned (Civil War to 1900)
Public be informed (through WWI)
Mutual understanding (post WWI, WWII to 1960s)
Mutual adjustment (Beyond 1960s)

Question 9

Pioneers

Answer 9

Ivy Ledbetter Lee - Declaration of Principles/first press releases/Publicity supported by good works
Theodore Vail - AT&T
George Creel - Committee on Public Information/Four-minutemen
Bernays - Godfather of PR, worked on Creel committee/”Crystalizing Public Opinon”, first PR book
Arthur Page - wrote Hiroshima release for Truman
Betsy Ann Plank - first woman to lead PRSA