historical perspectives

Question 1

many people were being admitted to the asylum with a:

Answer 1

“general paralysis of the insane” characterized by dimensional, grandiose delusions and a wobbly gair

Question 2

syphilis was reaching epidemic and 2 physicians ______ and ____, hypothesized what?

Answer 2

Krafft-ebing and hirschl, hypothesized that the rise of the paralysis of insane” may be related to syphilis

Question 3

knowing that you could only be infected with syphilis once, what would they do to patients?

Answer 3

they would inject patients with pus taken from the sores of people with active syphilis

Question 4

it was concluded that none of their test subjects developed symptoms of syphilis and the general paralysis of insane arose from:

Answer 4

previous infection of syphilis

Question 5

this syphlis case was:

Answer 5

very first evidence for a biological cause of mental illness

Question 6

European psychiatrists began describing disorders of unknown causes typically affecting:

Answer 6

the young and often progressing to chronic deterioration

Question 7

many different names of schizophrenia were:

Answer 7

adolescent insanity, catatonic syndrome, hebephrenia

Question 8

emil kraeplin believed that dementia was primarily cause of diseases in brain true or false

Answer 8

true

Question 9

who was the first to coin the term schizophrenia?

Answer 9

eugen bleuler

Question 10

the word schizophrenia was not meant to what?

Answer 10

convey the idea of split or multiple personalist but that remains a common misunderstanding

Question 11

bleuler argued that the name dementia praecox was misleading because:

Answer 11

it did not always emerge in early life and was not always associated with the deterioration typically observed in dementia

Question 12

bueler noted that schizophrenia should be spoken of in:

Answer 12

the plural

Question 13

bluelar was the first to describe the symptoms as positive or negative true or false

Answer 13

true

Question 14

blueler introduced a fundamental distinction between:

Answer 14

basic (obligatory) and accessory (supplementary)

Question 15

basic symptoms:

Answer 15

delusions and hallucinations (positive)

Question 16

accessory symptoms:

Answer 16

thought and speech derailment, ambivalence, incongruence and withdrawal from reality

Question 17

kurt Schneider claimed that certain symptoms had:

Answer 17

a decisive weight in determining whether someone had a diagnosis of schizophrenia

Question 18

first rank symptoms:

Answer 18

Schneiders symptoms which claimed that certain symptoms had a weight in determining whether someone had a diagnosis of schizophrenia

Question 19

first rank symptoms were: (6)

Answer 19

1. auditory hallucinations
2. thought withdrawal, insertion and interruption
3. thought broadcasting
4. somatic hallucinations
5. delusional perception
6. feelings or actions experiences and influenced by external agents

Question 20

thought withdrawal, insertion and interruption example:

Answer 20

my thoughts are one except when Michael stops them”

Question 21

thought broadcasting example:

Answer 21

my thoughts filter out of my head and everyone can pick them up if they walk past

Question 22

the use of first rank symptoms to diagnose schizophrenia will:

Answer 22

incorrectly diagnose between 5 and 19 people in every 100 who do not have schizophrenia

Question 23

the major contribution of Karl jaspers was his proposal of a:

Answer 23

flexible psychiatric taxonomy

Question 24

Karl jaspers was less interested in the content of psychotic symptoms and more interested in the:

Answer 24

experience of them

Question 25

Karl jaspers did not agree with the idea that patients should be:

Answer 25

divided into categories based on the qualities of symptoms they were experiencing

Question 26

Karl jaspers argued that the form of the symptom was:

Answer 26

more important than the content of symptom when making a diagnosis such as specific auditory hallucinations

Question 27

what is a our current diagnostic system that Karl jaspers basically invented?

Answer 27

descriptive psychopathology

Question 28

descriptive psychopathology relies exclusively on:

Answer 28

the info communicated by the patient and on what is directly observed by the examiner

Question 29

schizophrenia appeared in the ancestry of only ___ percent of these patients but schizodia appeared in another ___ percent

Answer 29

10; 25

Question 30

the advent of chlorpromazine (thorazine) represented:

Answer 30

the first real breakthrough in understanding the biology of schizophrenia since syphilis

Question 31

chlorpromazine was developed to:

Answer 31

induce Anastasia for use during surgery but Henri laborite recognized its ability to produce disinterest without loss of consciousness

Question 32

chlorpromazine changes the way:

Answer 32

dopamine works in your brain

Question 33

dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia:

Answer 33

dysfunction in brains dopamine system was the cause underlying the symptoms of schizophrenia

Question 34

who created the biological subtypes of schizophrenia and what are they?

Answer 34

time crow; type 1 syndrome and type 2 syndrome

Question 35

type 1 syndrome:

Answer 35

the positive symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations

Question 36

type 2 syndrome:

Answer 36

negative symptoms such as poverty of speech, loss of drive

Question 37

a critical distinction that attracted a great deal of attention was the:

Answer 37

difference in hypothesized brain based differences

Question 38

neurodevelopment hypothesis:

Answer 38

schizophrenia is the behavioral outcome of an aberration in developmental processes is caused by a combination of environmental and genetic factors

Question 39

neurodegenerative hypotheis:

Answer 39

schizophrenia results from the progressive deterioration of brain structure and function

Question 40

now we are not as far removed from historical perspectives as we might hope true or false

Answer 40

true

Question 41

research domain criteria:

Answer 41

integrates levels of info from genomes and circuits of behavior to explore dimensions of functioning that span full range of human behavior

Question 42

the goal of research domain criteria is to:

Answer 42

understand the nature of mental illness in terms of varying degrees of dysfunction in general psychological/biologicial symptoms

Question 43

positive valence systems:

Answer 43

priorly responsible for responses to positive motivational situations or contexts such as reward seeking, consummatory behavior, and reward/habit learning

Question 44

which domain is the most studied and how come?

Answer 44

positive valence domain because it can push to better understand negative symptoms