affective psychosis Flashcards
depressive disorder diagnostic criteria:
five or more symptoms have been present during same 2 week period and represent a change from pervious functioning. symptoms cause clinically significant distress
hypomanic episode criteria:
abnormally persistent elevated expansive or irritable mood with increased activity or energy lasting at least 4 consecutive days present most of the day, nearly everyday. not severe enough to cause social or occupational
manic episode criteria:
same as hypomanic but lasting at least 1 week present most of the day nearly everyday or any duration if hospitalization is necessary. sever enough to cause impairment in social and occupational
mdd diagnostic criteria:
presence of one or more major depressive episode
bp 1 diagnostic criteria:
presence of one or more manic episode, additional depressive and hypomanic episodes may be present but not required
bp 2 diagnostic criteria:
presence of one or more depressive episode and hypomanic. no history of manic
relation between affective and non affective disorders:
bipolar was meant to be recognized as a bridge between scichophrenia and depression in terms of symptomology, family history and genetics
who had the view of unitary psychosis?
German psychiatrist Zeller
what did zeller (unitary psychosis) declare?
different varieties of mental illness were differing stages in comorbid process and in the course of one case, all main forms of mental disorder can occur
what did Zeller assert?
both organic and psychological causes combined to produce mental illess
who distinguished between exogenous and endogenous psychosis?
Mobius
exogenous psychosis:
referred to the causation of mental disease through events around them and their lives
endogenous psychosis:
an underlying yet unobservable somatic cause
kraepeliinan dichomtoty was by:
emil krapelin
kraepleinian dichotomy 2 different forms of psychosis:
- dementia praecox (now known as schizo)
- manic-depressive disorder (now known as bipolar)
how did keaeplin demonstrate the data of the diagnoses of the two disorders?
by accurately predicting disease course and outcome
schizoaffective disorder was introduced by:
Kasanin
it is now recognized that scizophrenia and bp 1 are:
not distinct disease
why are schizophrenia and bp 1 not distinct diseases?
because of genetics, cognitive functioning and brain imaging studies
many patients with treatment resistant schizophrenia have been found to have:
a comorbid mood disorder that requires treatment before improvement in psychosis
why we need schizoaffective disorder:
a substantial proportion of people meeting the criteria for schizophrenia also experience mood episodes
criterion A for schizophrenia:
two or more of the following presentations, each present for a significant amount of time during a 1 month period and at least 1 must be from the first 3 below
1. delusions
2. hallucinations
3. disorganized speech
4. grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior
5. negative symptoms
schizoaffective diagnostic criteria:
.when there is a major mood episode in addition to criterion A for schizophrenia
. hallucinations and delusions for 2 or more weeks in the absence of major mood episode during the entire duration of illness,
.mood episode symptoms present for majority of total duration of both active and residual portions of illness
besides schizoaffective, they could receive a diagnosis of:
- schizophrenia spectrum disorder with additional diagnosis of unspecified bipolar disorder
- bipolar with psychotic features
diagnostic criteria of bipolar with psychotic features
if psychotic symptoms are not present for at least 2 weeks in the absence of manic symptoms, then a diagnosis of bipolar with psychotic features
diagnostic criteria of schizophrenia spectrum with unspecified bipolar
if psychotic symptoms are present for at least 2 weeks in absence of manic symptoms and manic symptoms are brief in comparison to total duration of symptoms then schizophrenia spectrum disorder wit
schizoaffective disorder is one of the most:
misdiagnosed psychiatric disorder in clinical practice because of criterion C which is that major mood episode present for the majority of total duration of illness
