Historians and archaeology Flashcards

0
Q

What is the historic period.

A

The historic period is when people recorded time. (used writing)

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1
Q

What is the prehistoric period?

A

The prehistoric period is before recorded time. (Before writing was used)

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2
Q

what is a source?

A

A source is evidence that helps build up a picture of the past.

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3
Q

What are the two types of sources?

A

Primary sources and secondary sources.

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4
Q

What is a primary source?

A

A primary source is a source directly from the event.

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5
Q

What is a secondary source?

A

A secondary source is a source not directly from the event.

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6
Q

What are some examples of primary and secondary sources?

A

Primary source- Diaries, autobiographies, artefacts, photographs.
Secondary source- Biographies, movies, history books.

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7
Q

What are some places that sources are stored in?

A

Archives, libraries and museums.

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8
Q

What is the time and place rule?

A

The time and place rule is examining how close the source was to the event.

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9
Q

What is cross-checking?

A

Cross-checking is making sure the history of the past is as accurate as possible.

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10
Q

What is bias?

A

Bias is when one source favours one side or another.

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11
Q

What is exaggeration?

A

Exaggeration is making an event appear greater than it really is.

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12
Q

What is propaganda?

A

Propaganda is a source to influence people’s opinions.

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13
Q

What is a census?

A

A census is a form sent to every household every four years to document the population.

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14
Q

What are artefacts?

A

Artefacts are man-made objects of significance from the past found in the ground.

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15
Q

How do objects end up in the ground?

A
  • Some are lost.
  • In pre-Christian times, goods were buried with the dead.
  • Buildings were abandoned and got covered in soil over time.
16
Q

What is research archaeology?

A

Research archaeology is when a site is chosen because there is evidence that a site is there.

17
Q

What is rescue archaeology?

A

Rescue archaeology is making sure no objects of significance are in the ground before a road or building is made.

18
Q

How are sites chosen?

A

Research archaeology, rescue archaeology and by accident.

19
Q

What is the process of excavation?

A

First they take a geophysical survey (scanning the ground), then they dig test trenches. Next, they take aerial photographs and then a plan is made.

20
Q

What are tools archaeologists used for excavation?

A

Trowels, handpicks, brushes, sieves and toothbrushes.

21
Q

What happens once an object is found?

A

A photograph is taken.

22
Q

what are ways of dating artefacts?

A

Stratigraphy, radiocarbon or carbon dating, dendrochronology.

23
Q

What is stratigraphy?

A

stratigraphy is the dating of objects by the depth at which they are found.

24
Q

What is carbon dating?

A

Carbon dating is used to find the age of objects that lived by examining how much carbon is present.

25
Q

What is dendrochronology?

A

Dendrochronology is the study of the age of a wooden object through tree-ring dating. (Counting the rings in the tree.)

26
Q

what can archaeologists learn from a skeleton?

A

Gender, height, age, cause of death