Histopathology Flashcards
1
Q
What is histopathology?
A
- Study of tissues
2
Q
What are the indications for histopathology?
A
- Can provide definitive diagnosis for neoplasia, immune-mediated diseases, degeneration, fibrosis and infections
3
Q
What are the risks of histopathology?
A
- Usually require GA
- Risk of spreading cancer
- For mast cell tumours, risk of degranulation leading to pruritic around tumour, gastric ulcerations and even anaphylaxis
- Problems with haemostasis/healing
4
Q
What are the 2 types of biopsies?
A
- Excisional: remove whole area including margins
- Incisional: remove part of mass, ideally including margins
5
Q
What is the advantage of excisional biopsy?
A
- Only one GA for patient, so less cost for owner
6
Q
What is the disadvantage of excisional biopsy?
A
- Don’t know much margin to take; if not enough will have to do it again and if too much will cause tissue loss and scarring
7
Q
What is the advantage of incisional biopsy?
A
- Can determine type of tumour and its behaviour which allows planning for future excision
8
Q
What is the disadvantage for incisional biopsy?
A
- Two procedures, so more costly
9
Q
What are the 2 types of biopsy regarding approach?
A
- Open biopsy: can visualise whole organ
- Percutaenous: using needle through the skin and ultrasound guidance and less invasive
10
Q
What are the 4 types of biopsy regarding instrument?
A
- Surgical
- Punch biopsy
- Needle biopsy
- Endoscopic biopsy
11
Q
How are samples stored?
A
- In formalin
12
Q
What is the grade of the tumour?
A
- Abnomal cell appearance, number of mitotic cells and invading local tissue
13
Q
What is the stage of the tumour?
A
- Extent to which the tumour has spread in the body so locally, to lymph nodes or other organs
14
Q
What is stage 1?
A
- Small and contained within primary organ
15
Q
What is stage 2?
A
- Large, contained within primary organ
