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Laboratory Diagnostics > Cytology > Flashcards

Cytology Flashcards

1
Q

What is cytology?

A
  • Study of cells
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2
Q

What is histology?

A
  • Study of tissues
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3
Q

What does cytology look for?

A
  • Abnormal cells
  • Inflammation/infection
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4
Q

List cytology samples that are fluids

A
  • Haematology
  • Urine Sediment
  • Body cavity fluids (thoracentesis/pericardiocentesis/adbdominocentesis)
  • Tap (joint/CSF)
  • Wash (bronchus/prostate)
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5
Q

List cytology samples that are not fluid

A
  • Swab
  • Scrape
  • Impression smear
  • Endoscope brush
  • Fine needle aspirate (FNA)
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6
Q

How are cytology fluids analysed?

A
  • Microscopy
  • Refractometer
  • Biochemistry
  • Urine dipstick
  • Haematology and PCV
  • Culture and sensitivity
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7
Q

How are effusion samples evaluated?

A
  • Appearance
  • Total protein
  • Total nucleated cell count
  • Cytology
  • Biochemistry
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8
Q

How are effusions classified?

A
  • Total protein
  • Total nucleated cell count
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9
Q

What should be done if classified as total protein?

A
  • Refractometer
  • Urine test strips
  • Biochemistry for albumin and globulin concentration
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10
Q

What should be done if classified as total nucleated cell count?

A
  • Haematology
  • Haemocytometer
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11
Q

What are the causes of effusion?

A
  • Leak from viscus e.g., bladder, gall bladder or gut
  • Torn blood or lymph vessel
  • Leakage from intact blood vessels
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12
Q

Describe the effusion from the urinary tract

A
  • Torn viscus
  • Low TNCC
  • Low TP
  • High creatinine
  • Pale yellow
  • Clear turbidity
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13
Q

Describe the effusion from the biliary tract

A
  • Torn viscus
  • Low TNCC
  • Low TP
  • High bilirubin
  • Yellow/green
  • Clear turbidity
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14
Q

Describe the effusion from the digestive tract

A
  • Torn viscus
  • High TNCC
  • High TP
  • May see gut contents
  • Yellow or brown
  • Turbid, floccular
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15
Q

Describe the effusion from blood

A
  • Torn vessel
  • High TNCC
  • High TP
  • Many RBC
  • Red or brown
  • Turbid
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16
Q

Describe the effusion from the lymph

A
  • Torn vessel
  • High TNCC
  • High TP
  • Much fat and lymphocytes
  • White or pink
  • Turbid
17
Q

Describe the effusion from low protein transudate

A
  • Leaky vessel
  • Low TNCC
  • Low TP
  • Pale or colourless
  • Clear turbidity
18
Q

Describe the effusion from high protein transudate

A
  • Leaky vessel
  • Low TNCC
  • High TP
  • Yellow
  • Clear turbidity
19
Q

Describe the effusion from exudate

A
  • Leaky vessel
  • Low TNCC
  • High TP
  • Yellow
  • Turbid

Laboratory Diagnostics (11 decks)

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