Cytology Flashcards
1
Q
What is cytology?
A
- Study of cells
2
Q
What is histology?
A
- Study of tissues
3
Q
What does cytology look for?
A
- Abnormal cells
- Inflammation/infection
4
Q
List cytology samples that are fluids
A
- Haematology
- Urine Sediment
- Body cavity fluids (thoracentesis/pericardiocentesis/adbdominocentesis)
- Tap (joint/CSF)
- Wash (bronchus/prostate)
5
Q
List cytology samples that are not fluid
A
- Swab
- Scrape
- Impression smear
- Endoscope brush
- Fine needle aspirate (FNA)
6
Q
How are cytology fluids analysed?
A
- Microscopy
- Refractometer
- Biochemistry
- Urine dipstick
- Haematology and PCV
- Culture and sensitivity
7
Q
How are effusion samples evaluated?
A
- Appearance
- Total protein
- Total nucleated cell count
- Cytology
- Biochemistry
8
Q
How are effusions classified?
A
- Total protein
- Total nucleated cell count
9
Q
What should be done if classified as total protein?
A
- Refractometer
- Urine test strips
- Biochemistry for albumin and globulin concentration
10
Q
What should be done if classified as total nucleated cell count?
A
- Haematology
- Haemocytometer
11
Q
What are the causes of effusion?
A
- Leak from viscus e.g., bladder, gall bladder or gut
- Torn blood or lymph vessel
- Leakage from intact blood vessels
12
Q
Describe the effusion from the urinary tract
A
- Torn viscus
- Low TNCC
- Low TP
- High creatinine
- Pale yellow
- Clear turbidity
13
Q
Describe the effusion from the biliary tract
A
- Torn viscus
- Low TNCC
- Low TP
- High bilirubin
- Yellow/green
- Clear turbidity
14
Q
Describe the effusion from the digestive tract
A
- Torn viscus
- High TNCC
- High TP
- May see gut contents
- Yellow or brown
- Turbid, floccular
15
Q
Describe the effusion from blood
A
- Torn vessel
- High TNCC
- High TP
- Many RBC
- Red or brown
- Turbid
