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HISTOPATHOLOGIC AND CYTOLOGIC TECHNIQUES > HISTOPATH LEC - LESSON 1 (APPARATUS) > Flashcards

HISTOPATH LEC - LESSON 1 (APPARATUS) Flashcards

1
Q

Knives are GLASS, DIAMOND, or SAPHIRE

A

Ultrathin Microtome

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2
Q

Who invented Rocking microtome?

A

Caldwell Trefall

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3
Q

Non-contact sectioning

A

Laser Microtome

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4
Q

Microtome of any type

A

Cryostat

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5
Q

Invented by Queckett at 1848

A

Freezing microtome

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6
Q

Uses femtosecond laser technology to cut tissues

A

Laser microtome

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7
Q

Stable for cutting larger blocks

A

Rotary (Minot) microtome

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8
Q

Used for fresh, unfixed materials

A

Vibrating microtome

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9
Q

10 nanometers

A

Ultrathin microtome

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10
Q

Produces serial sections

A

Rotary (Minot) microtome

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11
Q

embedded in resins

A

Saw microtome

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12
Q

safety razor blade

A

Vibrating microtome

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13
Q

uses Vibrating frosted glass plate to sharpen knives

A

Automatic Knife Sharpener

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14
Q

slow in action

A

sledge microtome

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15
Q

frozen section

A

Freezing microtome

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16
Q

knife is moving

A

Freezing microtome

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17
Q

alternative to freezing microtome for rapid sectioning

A

Cryostat

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18
Q

Oldest microtome

A

Rocking microtome

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19
Q

enclosed and operated with deep freeze cabinet

A

Cryostat

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20
Q

Who invented Cryostat? in what year?

A

Linderstrom-Lang and Mogensen at 1938

21
Q

rapid freezing or routine paraffin sections

A

Computerized microtome

22
Q

Simplest microtome

A

Rocking microtome

23
Q

section very large blocks of tissue

A

sledge microtome

24
Q

uses diamond coated saw

A

Saw microtome

25
Q

Celloidin-embedded sections

A

Sliding microtome

26
Q

rotating speed of saw microtome

A

600 rpm

27
Q

rigid botanical material

A

Hand microtome

28
Q

5-100 microns

A

Laser microtome

29
Q

1-245 microns

A

Computerized microtome

30
Q

General laboratory safety precautions

A
  1. Read labels before working
  2. Wear laboratory coat/gown during laboratory experiments
  3. Wear gloves when handling toxic and hazardous materials.
  4. Never eat or drink inside laboratory
  5. Never use equipment unless you are trained to use such.
  6. Keep working areas clear from unnecessary materials.
  7. Clean up work before leaving the laboratory
  8. All infectious materials should be properly disposed in a yellow plastic bag and submitted to laboratory technician for proper disposal
  9. Follow universal precautions, that is, to treat all human blood and human bodily fluids as if they were known to be infectious from HIV, HBV, and other bloodborne pathogens.
  10. Never work alone in the laboratory.
  11. Be familiar with the use of fire extinguisher.
  12. Never do unauthorized experiments.
  13. Never mouth pipette chemicals
31
Q

Chemical Safety Precautions

A
  1. Treat all chemicals as if it is hazardous.
  2. Make sure all chemicals are clearly and properly labeled with a substance name, concentration, manufacturing and expiration date, and safety level.
  3. Never store noxious chemicals inside the locker.
  4. Use volatile and flammable compounds only in a fume hood.
  5. Never allow a solvent to come in contact with your skin. Always use gloves.
  6. Never smell a chemical.
  7. Dispose of waste and broken glasses in a right container.
  8. Clean up spills immediately.
  9. Do not mix reagents.
32
Q

samples are collected by animals and other botanical resources

A

Vibrating microtome

33
Q

cannot produce very thin sections

A

Saw microtome

34
Q

Knife moves horizontally

A

Sliding microtome

35
Q

Maintaining temperature of Paraffin oven

A

2-5 degrees celcius higher than the melting point of paraffin wax

36
Q

Maintaining temperature of Floatation water bath

A

5 to 10 degrees celcius below than the melting point of paraffin wax

37
Q

What is the purpose of Coplin jars?

A

it serves as a container to hold the chemicals

38
Q

What is the purpose paraffin oven?

A

it is design to store paraffin wax in solid state into liquid state

39
Q

Maintaining temperature of Cryostat?

A

-10 degress celcius to -40 degress celcius

40
Q

what is microtome?

A
  • microtome is a mechanical instrument used to cut biological specimens into very thin sections or segments for microscopic examinations.
  • it is also used for sectioning and ribboning of tissues.
41
Q

Essential parts of microtome

A

Block holder/chuck/tissue holder
Knife carrier and knife
Base (Microtome body)

42
Q

What will happen if these three essential parts of microtome become damaged?

A

if malfunction, the tissues that have been processed will be affected.

43
Q

Explain why laser microtome are non-contact section?

A

laser microtome uses laser technology in which Medical technologists will not be touching anything on the sample but the machine itself will do its purpose.

44
Q

What is the disadvantage of Saw microtome?

A

It cannot produce very thin sections

45
Q

What is the disadvantage of Sledge microtome?

A

Slow in action

46
Q

Basic Laboratory Equipment (8)

A 
Microtome
Automatic Knife Sharpener
Cryostat
Automatic Tissue Processor
Tissue Embedding Center
Paraffin Oven
Floatation water bath
Coplin Jar
47
Q

types of microtome

A

automatic

manual

48
Q

Automatic microtome

A

Laser

Computerized

49
Q

Manual microtome

A 
Rocking
Rotary (Minot)
Sledge
Sliding
Freezing
Vibrating
Ultrathin
Saw
Hand

HISTOPATHOLOGIC AND CYTOLOGIC TECHNIQUES (6 decks)

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