HISTOPATH Flashcards
What is the process done following complete infiltration?
Embedding
What method of smear preparation maintains cellular interrelationships of the material to be examined
Spreading
Which part of the microscope supports and holds the magnifying and adjustment system?
Arm
It is a colorless clearing agent that is commonly used in histology laboratory and the clearing time is usually 1/2 to 1 hour
Xylene
It it a very weak decalcifying solution suitable only for minute pieces of bone?
Sulfurous Acid
It is an excellent dehydrating and clearing agent readily miscible in water, melted paraffin alcohol and xylene
Dioxane
What method of fresh tissue examination is recommended when lipids and nervous tissue elements are to be demonstrated?
Frozen section
Which of the following stains blue with H and E stain?
Nuclei
Immersion oil should be removed immediately after use from the microscope lenses using what materials?
Lens Paper
Xylene
As a general rule, what is the amount of dehydrating age used during dehydration process?
Greater than the volume of the tissue
Water-rich tissue are hardened by freezing and cut in the frozen state using what instrument?
Cryostat
What procedure is done to flatten the tissue sections and prepare tissue from mounting into the slide?
Floatation
This term may also be referred to a as de-alcoholization
Clearing
Serous effusions refers to the fluid accumulated in the three serous cavities namely;
Peritoneal
Pericardial
Pleura
What fixative used to hemolyze the red blood cells in hemorrhagic samples?
Carnoy’s fluid
What microscopic study is the detection of malignancies in the body fluids, usually gives the stages of cancer
Exfoliative cytology
What do you call the process of applying dyes on the sections o see and study the architectural pattern of the tissue and physical characteristics of the cells?
Staining
What is the most common, cheapest and DIY embedding molds?
Paper boat
What is being used to neutralize acid spills?
Soda Ash
What method of fresh tissue examination is used in rapid pathologic diagnosis during surgery?
Frozen Section
Process of removing intracellular and extracellular water from the tissue
Dehydration
What is the simplest, most common used infiltration media?
Paraffin wax
Which of the following types is not a microtome?
Biconcave microtome
The last step in tissue processing that result in a permanent histological preparation suitable for microscopy?
Mounting
Type of infiltration medium recommended for processing of neurological tissues
Celloidin Wax
This microscope is useful in examination of unstained microorganism in motion which are too small to be seen by electron microscopy
Darkfield Microscope
Anna was asked to prepare a fixative solution for enzyme histochemistry and carbohydrate fixation. While in a rush she unknowingly mislabeled the fixative bottles and switch the fixative solution for enzyme and carbohydrate. After fixation for enzyme histochemistry it was observed that there is a loss and inactivation of enzymes needed for study and for carbohydrate analysis some substances were removed that are significant in the diagnosis. What is most likely the cause of this problem?
Wrong fixative solution used
What part of the lens system functions to increase or decrease the magnification?
Objectives
What staining process is done when the tissue is first overstained to obliterate the cellular details, and the excess stain is removed or decolorized from unwanted parts of the tissue, until the desired intensity of color is obtained
Regressive Staining
A process whereby the clearing agent is completely removed from the tissue and replaced by a medium
Infiltration
The following are characteristics of good clearing agent except
It should be dissolve out aniline dyes
What type of fixatives are made up of two or more fixatives which have been added together to obtain the optimal combined effect of their individual actions upon the cells and tissue constituents?
Compound Fixative
What method of fresh tissue examination is useful in cytological examinations particularly for cancer diagnosis?
Smear Preparation
These are slow-acting clearing agents that can be used when double embedding techniques are required
Methyl benzoate and Methyl salicylate
Which of the following is the effect of prolonged fixation?
Tissue block are brittle and hard
Which instrument is designed to accommodate high sample volumes, and uses rotational agitation and/or microwave heating to obtain fast result
Automatic processor
Which of the following is not part of a microtome?
Revolving nosepiece
It is known as the malignant cancer of the adipose tissue
Liposarcoma
What concentration of the alcohol added to the water to lower surface tension?
95% alcohol
Which of the following is not a role of a medical technologist in autopsy?
They establish the cause of death
It is used as a temporary ringing agent
Paraffin wax
Governs the contrast between cellular details and the background. It is the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in the medium.
Refractive Index
Type of embedding molds consists of two L-shaped strips of heavy metal arranged in a flat metal plate which can be moved to adjust the size of the mold.
Leukhart’s embedding mold
What method of fresh tissue examination is used whereby small pieces of tissue are placed in a microscopic slide and is allowed to absorbed a vital stain through capillary action?
Crushing
In most instances, dehydration starts by placing the specimen in ___ ethyl alcohol in water
70%
Which of the following nomenclature does not belong to benign connective tissue tumors
Adenoma
What is the secondary form of fixation whereby a primarily fixed tissue is placed in aqueous solution of 2.5-3% potassium dichromate for 24 hours to act as mordant for better staining effects and aid in cytologic preservation of tissues?
Post-chromatization
Which of the following describe CIN3 classification correctly?
Evidence of severe dysplasia in the cervical tumor
It is a cheap, rapid-acting dehydrating agent utilized for most urgent biopsies which it dehydrates in 1⁄2 to 2 hours.
Acetone
Type of dehydrating agent recommended for routine dehydration of tissues. It is a clear, colorless, flammable fluid.
Ethyl Alcohol
It is known as the stiffening of the body
Rigor mortis
What is commonly used fixative for proteins
Neutral buffered formalin
What is the ratio of egg white to glycerin in Mayer’s egg albumin
1:2
The _____________ tissue sections are lifted from the knife edge and then floated in a dish of clean distilled water or NSS to maintain cold or at room temperature
Frozen
A procedure whereby calcium or lime salts are remove from the tissue
Decalcification
This type of clearing agent may be used as a substitute for xylene or benzene for clearing both during embedding and mounting process.
Toluene
What do you call the process by which processed tissue, commonly a paraffin embedded tissue is trimmed and cut into uniformly thin slices or “sections” to facilitate studies under the microscope?
Microtomy
What is the other term for infiltration
Impregnation
Type of infiltration medium recommended for processing of neurological tissue
celloidin wax
What grading system tell whether infection or reactive reparative changes are present and gives a general categorization of the specimen?
The Bethesda System
What is the desired temperature of a water bath for floatation of tissue sections?
Approximately 6-10 degree Celsius lower than the melting point of the wax used for embedding
Which component of the preparedness cycle identifies the skill sets, equipment, technology and other resources needed to execute plans?
Organize
What is the substitute infiltration medium which is more elastic and resilient than paraffin wax?
Paraplast
What is the purpose of floatation
To flatten the ribbon
What is the first step in performing H&E staining
Deparaffinization
What is the correct fixative to specimen ratio
20:1
The surface of the section to be cut is to be placed parallel to the bottom of the container in which it is cast. This is called:
Tissue orientation
A process of sealing the margins of the coverslip to prevent the escape of fluid or semi-fluid mounts and evaporation of mountant.
Ringing
Type of embedding mold holding tissue during processing and has a stainless steel lid on the plastic cassette.
Steel Molds
What part of the lens system is nearest to the eye
Eyepiece
What is a refrigerated apparatus used in fresh tissue microtomy
Cryostat
Cold microtome
