AUBFQE Flashcards
Seminal fluid viscosity is considered normal when
no clumps or strings are present and the specimen should completely liquefy within 30-60 minutes
Which of the following results in Ehrlich’s test denotes high amounts of urobilinogen in the
urine?
deep red
This disorder of the central nervous system is characterized by the presence of oligoclonal bands in CS protein electrophoresis,
increased IgG index, and the presence of myelin basic protein in CSF.
multiple sclerosis
What is the most commonly used method of preservation for urine?
refrigeration
Which of the following causes a purple stain in catheter b
Infection caused by Providencia species
Among all proteins excreted in the urine, this is the most abundant and consists primarily of low-molecular-weight that have been filtered by the glomerulus.
albumin
On macroscopic examination of the physical characteristics and pH of the seminal fluid specimen of a 32-year-old male, the following results were obtained:
Color: rusty
Liquefaction: >3 hours
Viscosity: pours drop by drop when falling from gravity from a pipette
Volume: 4.0 ml
pH: 7.2
Which of the above results s/are NOT normal?
Liquefaction time and color only
Which of the following factors can cause an acidic pH reaction in the urine specimen?
all of the choices
Which of the following casts will appear in the urine if the patient underwent excessive and rigorous training for an upcoming football tournament?
both granular and hyaline casts
A male patient wonders if his vasectomy that was done 3 years ago was a success. He disclosed to you that he never got a chance to have his seminal fluid checked again and was
celibate. You, as the medical evaluator in charge, what preparations would you suggest?
No waiting periods. You can do the test now
A normal appearance of a urine sample and a positive chemical test for blood with a positive microscopic finding for red blood cells will indicate the presence of what?
Microhematuria
What type of microscope enhances visualization of elements with low
refractive indices such as hyaline casts?
Phase-contrast microscopy
The formation of bile acids comes from cholesterol which is synthesized from what organ?
liver
What color is produced at the zone of contact in the Smith’s test for urine bilirubin?
green
What do you call degenerated renal tubular epithelial (RT) cells containing lipids inside of them which are
found in nephrotic syndrome?
oval fat bodies
A sperm showing motility with a slower speed and some lateral movements will be graded as what?
3.0
What part of a microscope is used to control the sharpness of the image at 400x magnification?
Fine adjustment knob
If the reason for pleural effusion is because of congestive heart failure, how will you classify it?
transudate
Which of the following is NOT a cause of polyuria?
dehydration
What abnormal crystal in urine has a “ladder-shaped” appearance?
cholesterol
After using the microscope which of the following should be done:
1. Wipe the objective lenses with lens paper
II. Cover the microscope with a dust bag
III. Directly pour the alcohol on the stage to ensure thorough disinfection
IV. Leave the microscope plugged on for the next user
I and II only
Catheterization is performed on a patient who is having difficulty urinating. It has decreased transitional epithelial cells or rothelial cells.
First statement is true, second statement is false
A physician performed a lumbar tap however, the CS collected was inadequate hence called a dry tap. One tube only is collected.
Which of the following precautions must be performed for the CSF sample?
It should be tested first in the Microbiology section. After that, the same specimen can then proceed to other sections of the
laboratory
What is the principle of the reagent strip pad for blood?
peroxidase-like activity
What physical determinant of urine can give a rough estimate of its concentration?
Color
An increased number of lymphocytes in CSF is usually seen in what condition?
fungal meningitis
What is the clinical significance indicated by a positive leukocyte esterase test?
urinary tract infection
In the determination of levels of urinary calcium, what is the name of the fine white precipitate that forms if the test turns
positive in the Sulkowitch test?
calcium oxalate
Which of the following BC morphologies indicate glomerular damage to the kidneys?
dysmorphic
A spike in 450 m was observed after an amniotic fluid was subjected to spectrophotometry. What does it indicate?
Fetus is suffering from hemolytic disease of the newborn.
What species of Candida is associated with the presence of sugar in urine?
Candida albicans
A brown pleural fluid is alarming as this could be indicative of what condition?
hemothorax
An elderly woman named Cassidy Boo was experiencing elbow pain for the past three months. Her physician requested blood and
synovial fluid analyses. Blood results came out and it showed negative for the presence of rheumatoid factor and anti-nuclear antibodies.
Synovial fluid results showed decreased glucose level with elevation in WBC count. Moreover, thin needle-like crystals were observed in
her synovial fluid upon microscopy. The said crystals were subjected to polarizing microscopy and were able to polarize light in a
negatively birefringent way.
Which of the following pairings correctly identifies the said crystal and its corresponding clinical significance?
monosodium rates - gout
A 48-year-old male patient goes to the hospital with his home nurse bringing with them a properly stored sample of his urine. The total collected urine has a volume of 1,580 ml in 24 hours.
With a plasma creatinine of 1.0 mg/dL and urine creatinine of 120 mg/dL, solve for the patient’s creatinine clearance rat
132 mg/dL
hCG stimulates the production of what hormone/s in the female body?
Estrogen and Progesterone
Reagent strips are the rapid means of performing chemical analysis on urine. The reactions are interpreted by comparing the colors produced on the pad.
Both statements are true.
Which of the following statements about urobilin is correct?
.Urobilin is a brown pigment that is a product of urobilinogen oxidation
Which of the following is the first indicator of early renal disease when present in an increased amount?
protein in the urine
All of the following parts of the microscope under magnification system, EXCEPT:
Condenser
The patient came into the laboratory complaining of fever and pain while urinating. Which of the following reagent strip pads may have positive
results?
protein, leukocyte esterase, and nitrate
Bence Jones Protein precipitate only in which of the following temperatures?
40 degrees Celsius to 60 degrees Celsius
Temperature corrections are usually done using a urinometer. Which temperature correction is correct?
For every 3 degrees Celsius that the urine temperature is above the calibration temperature, add 0.001 to the specific gravity reading.
How many days does it take for the process of spermatogenesis to be completed?
approximately 90 days
What portion of the reagent strip uses a double indicator system of methyl red and bromthymol blue?
рн
What happens when hydrogen peroxide is added to a mixture of urine with hematuria plus benzidine solution?
decomposition of hydrogen peroxide and oxidation of benzidine
Granules inside WBCs in hypotonic urine develop a Brownian movement. What do you call WBCs exhibiting this phenomenon?
glitter cells
Which of the following characteristics of synovial fluid would alarm the attending physician?
a <10 mg/dL difference between blood glucose and synovial fluid glucose
What urine test only detects specifically the presence of the ketone body called beta-hydroxybutyric acid?
Hart’s test
This type of urine collection involves the insertion of a sterile catheter through the urethra into the bladder
Catheterized urine collection
What crystal resembles a coffin lid or picture frame appearance?
Triple phosphate
What term denotes the newborn’s first bowel movement that causes green coloration of the amniotic fluid?
meconium
There are many types of urine containers. Which of the following is the best container for routine urinalysis?
Clean, dry, leakproof containers with screw top
What is the reagent used for the quantification of urine proteins in Esbach’s test?
picric acid
What is the positive reaction if urobilin is present in the urine with Schlesinger’s test?
Green fluorescence
When using the Eosin-Nigrosin stain in assessing sperm viability, how would a medical technologist identify dead sperm cells?
Dead sperm cells stain red against a purple background.
The kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra belong to what system of the human body?
urinary system
After a successful lumbar tap, what department is tube labeled 1 routinely sent to?
Chemistry
A patient named Akito Sohma was rushed to the emergency department for severe pain and swelling in the left knee. The attending physician called the laboratory to have a medical
technologist assist him during the joint fluid collection. What is the medical term for the process of collecting the said fluid?
arthrocentesis
What color will the presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa impart on the urine?
greenish-blue
In the proximal convoluted tubules, ammonia is a byproduct of the breakdown of what amino acid?
glutamine
One of the sperm function tests is assessing the ability of the sperm cells to penetrate an egg cell. Which of the following tests is performed by incubating the male sperm cells
with the egg cells of this mammal and penetration is observed microscopically
hamster egg penetration
A medical technologist performing Benedict’s test for urine sugar would expect the results to range from which of the following visible colors?
(colors below are arranged from Negative to 4+)
Blue to brick red
Approximately 75% of the renal calculi that form in patients contain which of the following substances?
calcium
What is this chronic autoimmune disorder that primarily attacks joints, causing synovitis and destroys the articular cartilage of the bones?
rheumatoid arthritis
Analyze if a fluid effusion sample with fewer than 1000 cells/L and less than 3 g/dL protein is a transudate or an exudate
This is a transudate that is related to non-inflammatory mechanisms
What is the preferred specimen type in microscopic urine examinations?
First available specimen
A mother observed that her 2-week-old infant had red discoloration on his diapers. The infant also had stunted growth with evident cutaneous photosensitivity.
Based on these symptoms and the result of the newborn screening test, it was found that the baby is suffering from acute intermittent porphyria wherein
excessive porphyrins tend to accumulate in his blood and body fluids. Which of the following physical characteristics of urine would also support the diagnosis
- port-wine coloration of urine
A strong mousy odor of a urine specimen could indicate
phenylketonuria
Which of the following renal disorders frequently occurs following a bacterial infection of
the skin or throat?
Acute glomerulonephritis
Which of the following statements correctly describes polyhydramnios?
Total amniotic fluid is greater than 1200ml
Consumption of red meat, nuts, legumes, beans or any food rich in purines will cause the
appearance of what crystal in acidic urine?
Uric acid
How many days of sexual abstinence should the patient observe prior to specimen
collection
2-7 days
What is the primary chemical affected by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system?
Sodium
How are urine sediments acquired from urine specimens in test tubes?
Centrifugation
Who introduced the incorporation of the concept of urinalysis as part of the doctor’s
routine patient examination in 1872
Richard Bright
In 45mL of total CSF in neonates normal?
yes
What crystal appears as medusa or thorny apples?
Ammonium biurate
What is the other name of the ehrlich’s reagent
Para-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde
What is the best method for semen ejaculation
Masturbation
What is the anticoagulant of choice for synovial fluid if the physician requests for Gram
stain and culture only
Liquid EDTA
.Which of the following tests can be accompanied in the management of diabetes mellitus
other than ketones?
Glucose
A doctor asked for your assistance in obtaining a specific body fluid from a patient which
is called the ascites fluid located between the serous membranes that cover the walls of the
abdomen and pelvis. Upon analyzing what the doctor meant, the procedure falls under what
process?
Arthrocentesis
In the determination of levels of urinary calcium, what is the name of the fine white
precipitate that forms if the test turns positive in the Sulkowitch test?
Calcium oxalate
Abnormal crystals such as bilirubin, tyrosine, and leucine are graded in what lens
objective?
HPO
.The appearance of this substance in urine can provide an early indication of liver disease
Bilirubin
What method in measuring urine specific gravity is considered obsolete due to the
presence of mercury that is detrimental to our health if broken?
Urinometry
What is the medical term for the pathologic accumulation of serous fluid in a body cavity?
effusion
Both hemoglobin and myoglobin can yield a positive result on the reagent strip for blood.
Both hemoglobin and myoglobin have peroxidase-like activity.
Both statements are true
If the portion of the specimen was not collected, the same analysis will have abnormal
Sperm concentration
.Based on what you learned in AUBF last semester, the kidneys play an important role in
which of the following functions? 1. excretion of waste products 2. maintenance of acid-base
equilibrium 3. regulation of water and electrolyte balance 4. control of blood pressure and
fluid balance
1,2,3,4
