Histology Of Oral And Nasal Cavities

Question 1

Respiratory mucosa is lined by ____. Cells rest on a basement membrane, have a lamina propria rich in ___, serous and mucous glands, and mucous propelled by _____, goblet cells, and lymphocytes.

Regenerated by stem cells

Answer 1

Pseudostratified communal ciliated epithelium

BV

Cilia

Question 2

Nasal cavity is lined by ____ that adjusts the temperature and humidity of inspired air.

Answer 2

Respiratory mucosa

Question 3

Olfactory mucosa contains ____ for sense of smell. This mucosa has pseudostratified epithelium with basal stem cells in basement membrane, columnar support cells, _____, and specialized olfactory glands (Bowman’s glands).

Dendrites of olfactory neurons have ____.

Answer 3

Bipolar olfactory neurons

Olfactory hairs: nonmotile cilia with specialized membrane receptors for odorant molecules -> signals sent to olfactory bulb

Question 4

Olfactory epithelium is thicker and it lacks ____.

Olfactory glands called ___ produce ____.

Answer 4

Goblet cells

Bowman’s glands: serous secretions that dissolve odorant molecules to facilitate detection

Question 5

Oral cavity is lined by _____ called _____.

What are the three types of mucosa?

Answer 5

Protective mucous membrane of stratified squamous; oral mucosa

Lining, masticatory, specialized mucosa

Question 6

The oral cavity mucosa is supported by dense collagenous tissue called ____.

This contains fibroblasts, WBC, collagen fibers.

Two layers called ____ and ____ that contain what?

Some areas have a ______ layer.

Answer 6

Lamina propria

Papillary: loose CT, with neurovasculature

Dense: deep, dense irregular CT with fibers

Submucosal layer: CT, adipose, salivary glands

Question 7

Three layers of nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium deep to superficial?

Answer 7

Basal: deepest single layer with cuboidal cells, mitosis

Intermediate: thick, no mitosis

Superficial: thick with outer cells flattened into squames

Question 8

Four layers of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium deep to superficial?

Answer 8

Basal: single layer with mitosis

Prickle cell: thick, no mitosis

Granular: flat, stacked with keratohyaline granules

Keratin: flat cells lacking nuclei, full of keratin

Question 9

Lining mucosa is _____ epithelium with few rete ridges and CT papillae and underlying submucosa.

This mucosa is soft, moist, can stretch/compress. Where is it located?

Answer 9

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous

Buccal, labia, alveolar mucosa, mucosal lining of floor of mouth, central surface of tongue and soft palate

Question 10

Masticatory mucosa is _____ epithelium. It is rubbery with good resiliency, is interdigitated with rete ridges and papillae, thin or absent submucosa.

Where is it located?

Answer 10

Keratinized stratified squamous

Hard palate, gingiva, dorsal surface of tongue

Question 11

Where is the specialized mucosa located?

It contains ____ epithelium.

Answer 11

Dorsal and lateral surfaces of tongue in the form of lingual papillae

Discrete structures composed of keratinized epithelium and lamina propria

Question 12

The tongue is a mass of striated _____ covered by oral mucosa including ____ and ____ mucosa covered by ____ epithelium.

Answer 12

Skeletal m

Masticatory and specialized mucosa (lingual papilla)

Keratinized stratified squamous

Question 13

Lingual papilla are elevated structures of ____ covered by ____ epithelium with lamina propria. Some are associated with taste buds.

Answer 13

Specialized mucosa

Keratinized

Question 14

Taste buds are found in lingual papillae. They have what two types of cells? Fx?

Answer 14

Taste cells: contain taste receptors that make contact with food molecules via the taste pore

Supporting cells: support bud, surround taste cells on outer part of bud

Question 15

What is the location and fx of foliate and filiform papillae?

Answer 15

Foliate: vertical ridges on lateral surface of posterior tongue; provide taste sensation; contains taste buds

Filiform: move food toward pharynx for swallowing

Question 16

What is the location and fx of fungiform and circumvallate papillae?

Answer 16

Fungiform: dorsal surface of tongue; provide taste sensation

Circumvallate: anterior to sulcus terminalis; hundreds of taste buds

Question 17

Tonsils in the mouth are aggregates of lymphatic nodules organized into _____.

The palatine tonsil is located _____ covered by stratified squamous containing lymphocytes with deep invaginations called ____.

Dense CT acts as a _____ with germinal centers.

Answer 17

Waldeyer’s ring

Bilaterally in the oropharynx

Tonsillar crypts

Partial capsule

Question 18

Pharyngeal tonsil is located ____ covered with _____ epithelium. It contains a ____ and invaginated mucosa with _____.

Answer 18

Along the posterior wall of nasopharynx

Pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium

Thin capsule; shallow infoldings, no crypts

Question 19

The lingual tonsil is located ____ and covered with ____ epithelium. Also contains _____ with crypts but no capsule.

Answer 19

Along the base of tongue

Stratified squamous

Germinal centers

Question 20

Bulk of the tooth (root and crown) is made up of ___.
What is the fx?

Crown projects into the oral cavity and protected by ____.

Root is embedded in alveolar ridge of an ____.

Root of tooth is invested by a layer of _____.

Answer 20

Dentin: encloses a central pulp cavity/chamber

Enamel

Alveolus

Cementum

Question 21

Dentin contains ____ crystals.

_____ are parallel tubes that radiate to the periphery of dentin.

Answer 21

Calcium hydroxyapatite

Dentinal tubules

Question 22

Enamel is composed of _____ and _____. Rods are cemented together by interprismatic material.

Answer 22

Rods and calcium hydroxyapatite

Question 23

Cementum contains calcium hydroxyapatite and is anchored to the ____. It covers the dentin in the root.

Pulp contains loose mesenchymal CT, collagen fibers, fibroblasts, and mesenchymal stem cells; it is vascularized, innervated. Pulp provides nutrition to ____.

Answer 23

Periodontal L

Dentin

Question 24

Odontoblasts secrete ____ that mineralizes to dentin. These cells extend into an odontoblast process surrounding a new matrix and becoming entrapped in ____.

Ameloblasts are polarized cells in contact with dentin. They secrete a matrix from Tome’s process that mineralizes to ___. They are lost during tooth eruption.

Cementoblasts secrete cementoid that mineralizes to ____. Cells become trapped forming _____.

Answer 24

Predentin

Dentinal tubules

Enamel

Cementum

Cementocytes

Question 25

Periodontium contains cementum, periodontal L, alveolar bone and gingiva. The ____ inserts into the cementum and alveolar bone that lines the alveolus.

Answer 25

Periodontal L