Cranial Autonomics Flashcards
All sympathetic fibers are ____ arising from the _____ ganglion of the sympathetic trunk. They travel on ____ to structures that they innervate. The _____ nerve is a named sympathetic nerve important
Postganglionic
Superior cervical
Vessels
Deep petrosal
Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers arise from ____ in the brain stem and synapse at four ganglia in the head called what?
These ganglia are all associated with a branch of the ____ nerve.
Nuclei
Ciliary, pterygopalatine, otic, submandibular
Trigeminal
______ injuries can result from a stroke in the brainstem, injury to the carotid A, tumor in the upper lobe of the lung, migraines, cluster HA, neck trauma, neck surgery, tumor in brainstem or tumor in hypothalamus.
These all cause ____ Syndrome.
Sympathetic nerve fiber
Horner’s syndrome
What are six symptoms of Horner’s syndrome?
Persistently small pupil (miosis)
Difference in pupil size between the two eyes (anisocoria)
Delayed dilation of affected pupil
Drooping of upper eyelid (ptosis)
Slight elevation in lower eyelid
Little or no sweating (anhidrosis) on face
The somatic motor component of the oculomotor N comes form the ____ nucleus. It’s fx is to innervate what five muscles?
The parasympathetic motor component of the oculomotor N comes from the ____ nucleus. What muscles does this innervate?
Oculomotor nucleus
Levator palpebrae superioris, superior rectus, medial rectus, inferior rectus, inferior oblique
Edinger-Westphal nucleus
Constrictor pupilae and ciliary muscles
What is the GSA component?
Fibers convey impulses from the ___ and ____.
CN?
General somatic afferent (somatic/general sensation)
Skin; skeletal muscle spindles
CN V1, V2, VII, IX, X
What is the GVA component?
Fibers convey impulses from ____ and ____.
CN?
General visceral afferent (visceral sensation)
Viscera; blood vessels
CN VII, IX, X
What is GVE component?
Fibers innervate the ____ of the viscera, ____ muscles, heart, and _____.
CN?
General visceral efferent (visceromotor fx)
Smooth muscle; intraocular; salivary glands
CN III, VII, IX, X
What is GSE component?
Fibers innervate ____.
CN?
General somatic efferent (somatomotor fx)
Skeletal muscles
CN III, IV, VI, XI, XII
What is SSA component?
Fibers conduct impulses from ____ and from ____.
CN?
Special somatic afferent (special sensory)
Retina; auditory and vestibular apparatus
CN I, II, VII, VIII, IX
What is the SVA component?
Fibers conduct impulses from the ____ and ____.
CN?
Special visceral afferent
Taste buds; olfactory mucosa
CN VII, IX, X
What is the SVE component?
Fibers innervate ____ derived from the brachial arches.
CN?
Special visceral efferent (brachial motor)
Skeletal muscles
CN V3, VII, IX, X, XI
Name the parasympathetic ganglion and CN that goes with each nucleus:
Visceral oculomotor (Edinger Westphal) nucleus
Superior salivatory nucleus
Inferior salivatory nucleus
Dorsal motor nucleus
CN III -> ciliary ganglion -> ciliary muscles
CN VII -> pterygopalatine ganglion -> lacrimal gland and nasal mucosa
CN VII -> submandibular ganglion -> submandibular and sublingual gland
CN IX -> otic ganglion -> parotid gland
CN X ->thoracic ganglion -> heart and lungs
CN X ->abdominal ganglion -> stomach
What are the three components of the facial N?
General sensory
Special sensory
Branchial motor
Parasympathetic motor
The ____ arises form the facial N (parasympathetic) just superiorly to the stylomastoid foramen. It runs through inner ear crossing the tympanic cavity medial to malleus. It passes through the ____ to join lingual N in the _____. The parasympathetic fibers synapse in the _____ and the postsynaptic fibers follow the arteries to the salivary glands.
Chorda tympani
Petrotympanic fissure
Infratemporal fossa
Submandibular ganglion
The ____ nerve arises from the facial N and innervates the lacrimal gland.
It joins the deep petrosal N (sympathetic) at foreman lacerum to form ____ (parasympathetic). The parasympathetic fibers synapse in the _____ and the postsynaptic fibers innervate the lacrimal gland via the zygomatic branch of ____ and the lacrimal N (CN V1).
Greater petrosal N
Nerve of pterygoid canal
Pterygopalatine ganglion
CN V2
What are the five components of the glossopharyngeal N?
It synapses in the _____ that goes to the carotid body and the _____ that goes to the otic ganglion then the parotid gland.
General sensory
Visceral sensory
Special sensory
Brachial motor
Parasympathetic motor
Nucleus ambiguus; inferior salivatory nucleus
Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers are carried by what four CN?
What nuclei give innervation to these four CN?
All postganglionic fibers and preganglionic fibers for the ____ and ____ piggy back on a branch of the ____ nerve to arrive at the structure that they innervate.
III, VII, IX, X
Edinger-Westphal, superior salivatory, inferior salivatory, nucleus ambiguus, dorsal vagal nucleus
Sublingual and submandibular glands; trigeminal
The tympanic N arises from _____ and emerges from the jugular foramen. It enters the middle ear and forms the _____. The _____ nerve arises as a branch off the tympanic plexus. This nerve penetrates the tympanic cavity, leaves through the foramen ovale. The Parasympathetic fibers synapse in the ____ and the postsynaptic fibers pass to the parotid gland via branches of the auriculotemporal N (CN V3).
CN IX
Tympanic plexus
Lesser petrosal N
Otic ganglion
What are the four components of the vagus N?
What are its two nuclei and what do they innervate?
General sensory
Visceral sensory
Brachial motor
Parasympathetic
Dorsal vagal motor nucleus -> smooth muscle and stimulate glands of larynx, pharynx, throracic/abdominal viscera
Nucleus ambiguus -> cardiac m and aortic bodies
Preganganglionic parasympathetic fibers of the vagus N synapse in ____ of near organs.
Terminal ganglia
