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Neuro Exam 1 > Development Of Pharyngeal Arches > Flashcards

Development Of Pharyngeal Arches Flashcards

1
Q

What does the pharyngeal apparatus consist of?

A

J

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2
Q

J

A

J

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3
Q

J

A

J

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4
Q

____ cells migrate from the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain.

Hindbrain populates the _____ and is divided into segments called _____.

Pharyngeal arch 1 streams from ____.
PA 2 streams from _____.
PA 3/4 streams from ____.
Pa 3 and 5 produce few ____.

A

NCC

Pharyngeal arches

Rhombomeres

R1-2
R4
R6-6
NCC

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5
Q

Each arch consists of a core of ____ covered externally by ____ and internally by ______.

A

Mesenchyme

Ectoderm

Endoderm

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6
Q

Mesenchyme is derived from ____ that migrate into arches during the _____ week.

Arches support the lateral walls of the ____.

NCC migration into the arches and differentiation into mesenchyme becomes the ______ and ______.

A

NCC; 4th

Primordial pharynx

Maxillary and mandibular prominences

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7
Q

____ arch separates into the maxillary and mandibular prominences.

During ____ week the PA2 overgrown PA3/4 to form the ____.

By end of 7th week the ____ disappears.

A

1st

Cervical sinus (ectodermal depression)

Cervical sinus

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8
Q

N

A

N

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9
Q

J

A

J

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10
Q

J

A

J

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11
Q

Meckel’s cartilage is the cartilage of _____.

A

PA 1

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12
Q

Riechert’s cartilage is the cartilage of ____.

Riechert’s plus the dorsal anlage form the ____ and ____.

Cartilage between the styloid and hyoid regress and the ____ forms the styloidhyoid L.

Ventral end of Riechert’s ossifies and forms the _____.

A

PA 2

Stapes and styloid process of temporal bone

Perichondrium

Lesser cornu/horn of hyoid bone

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13
Q

Third arch

A

J

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14
Q

4th and 6th arch cartilages

A

J

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15
Q

Muscular components of the PA are derived from ____ and _____.

What muscles do PA1- PA6 form? (Not PA5)

What CN go with each arch?

A

Paraxial mesoderm and prechordal plate

PA1: muscles of mastication (CN V)

PA2: stapedius and muscles of facial expression (CN VII)

PA3: stylopharyngeus m (CN IX)

PA4: cricothryroid, levator veli palatini, and constrictors of pharynx (CN X)

PA6: intrinsic muscles of the larynx (CN X)

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16
Q

Special visceral efferent supply ____ derived from the arches.

Special visceral afferent supply the ____ and ____ of the head and neck.

A

Muscles

Dermis and mucous membranes

17
Q

Trigeminal N

A

J

18
Q

Facial N

CN IX

A

J

19
Q

Vagus

A

J

20
Q

Primordial pharynx is derived form the ____. It widens cranially and joins the ____ but narrows as it joints the esophagus.

____ of the pharynx lines the internal aspects of the arches and the pharyngeal pouches.

A

Foregut; stomodeum

Endoderm

21
Q

J

A

J

22
Q

The ____ appear in the floors of the pharyngeal grooves. They form where epithelial of the grooves and pouches meet. They quickly are infiltrated and separated by ____.

The 1st pharyngeal membrane plus the intervening mesenchyme forms the _____.

A

Pharyngeal membranes

Mesenchyme

Tympanic membrane

23
Q

The _____ of the pouches forms organs in head/neck.

The 1st pharyngeal pouch expands into the ____.

A

Endoderm

Tubotympanic recess

24
Q

Y

A

Y

25
Q

The 2nd pharyngeal pouch is obliterated as the ____ develops; but part of cavity remains as the ___, a depression between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches.

A

Palatine tonsil

Tonsillar sinus

26
Q

J

A

J

27
Q

The 3rd pharyngeal pouch separates into two regions?

By ____ week, the dorsal bulbar part differentiates into the _____.

Epithelium of elongated ventral parts proliferate and obliterate the cavities. The two parts come together forming the ____.

A

Solid, dorsal, bulbar part
Hollow, elongated, ventral part

Inferior parathyroid gland

Thymus

28
Q

The 4th pharyngeal pouch expands into two parts?

By 6th week, the epithelium of the dorsal bulbar parts differentiate into the _____ and lies on the dorsal surface of the thyroid gland.

A

Dorsal, bulbar part
Elongated, ventral part

Superior parathyroid gland

29
Q

____ separates the pharyngeal arches and are separated externally.

They arise during the ____ weeks.

The first pair become the ____.

Grooves 2-4 lie in the ____; all are obliterated by ____ week as the neck develops. Birth defects of ____ groove are common.

A

Pharyngeal grooves

4-5th

External acoustic meatus

Cervical sinus; 7th week; 2nd groove

30
Q

Cervical (brachial) cysts are remnants of the ____ or ____.

Cysts lie free in neck, inferior to the angle of the mandible.

A

Cervical sinus; 2nd groove

31
Q

The thyroid gland is the first endocrine gland to develop from ____.

It forms a median endothermal thickening in the floor of the ____.

It descends in the neck with tongue growth and passes ventral to developing hyoid bone and laryngeal cartilages. It connects to the tongue by a narrow tube called the ____.

A

Thyroid primordium

Primordial pharynx

Thyroglossal duct

32
Q

During the ____ week, a solid mass of endodermal cells is broken up into epithelial cords by vascular ____.

____ has degenerated and disappeared.

Proximal opening of the duct persists as ____ on the dorsal tongue.

____ extends superiorly from the isthmus.

A

7th

Mesenchyme

Thyroglossal duct

Foramen cecum

Pyramidal lobe

33
Q

During the ____ week, the cords have divided into cellular groups and a lumen.

The cells are arranged in a single layer around the ____.

A

10th

Thyroid follicles

34
Q

During the ____ week, the colloid appears and synthesis of TH occurs.

During ____ week the levels of TSH and thyroxine increase.

During _____ fetal TSH and thyroxine reach adult levels.

A

11th

20th

35th

35
Q

Elongated ventral part of each 4th pouch develops into an _____ and fuses with the thyroid gland.

Cells disseminate within the thyroid and form _____ that will produce calcitonin. These cells form from ____.

A

Ultimopharyngeal body

Parafollicular cells

NCC

36
Q

____ is abnormal development of the components of the 1st arch.

Causes malformation of eyes, ear, mandible, and palate.

This results from insufficient migration of ____ into first arch during ____.

A

First pharyngeal arch syndrome

NCC; 4th week

37
Q

Treacher-Collins syndrome

A

J

38
Q

____ is associated with hypoplasia of the mandible, cleft palate, and defects of eyes and ears.

Initiating defect is a small mandible called ____; results in posterior displacement of the tongue

A

Pierre robin sequence

Micrognathia

Neuro Exam 1 (15 decks)

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