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COM - Neuro Test 2 > Histology Of Eye And Ear - 4/8 Olinger > Flashcards

Histology Of Eye And Ear - 4/8 Olinger Flashcards

1
Q

What is the transition zone between the cornea and sclera called?

A

Limbus

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2
Q

Describe the layers of the cornea from outer to inner:

A 
Thick corneal epithelium
Bowman's layer
Stroma
Descernet's membrane
Corneal epithelium
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3
Q

How is Bowman’s cells layer anchored to the corneal epithelium?

A

Hemidesmosomes

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4
Q

The ciliary processes are attached to the lens via what?

What is it important in?

A

Zonule fibers/suspensory ligament

Accommodation

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5
Q

Which layer of the iris is lacking epithelium?

A

Anterior surface

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6
Q

Where is the blind spot/area w/out photo receptor cells?

A

Papilla

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7
Q

Where is the highest visual acuity location?

A

Fovea centralis

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8
Q

What produces the macula Lutea?

Located where?

A

Xanthophyll pigments

Retinal cells

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9
Q

Detachment of the retina results in what functionally?

Caused by what?

A

Separation of 2 layers of retina

Trauma, vascular disease, metabolic disorders, aging

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10
Q

Where do bipolar cell axons synapse onto ganglion cell dendrites?

A

Inner plexiform layer

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11
Q

Where do photo receptor cell axons synapse onto bipolar cell dendrites?

A

Outer plexiform layer

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12
Q

The nuclei of rods and cones are located where?

A

Outer nuclear layer

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13
Q

Where are the nuclei of bipolar cells located?

A

Inner nuclear layer

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14
Q

What do horizontal cells synapse with?

A

Rods and cones

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15
Q

What do amacrine cells synapse with?

A

Axons of bipolar cells and dendrites of ganglion cells

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16
Q

What makes aqueous humor?

A

Epithelial lining of the ciliary process

17
Q

Describe the pathway of aqueous humor:

A

Ciliary process -> posterior chamber -> anterior chamber -> trabecular meshwork -> Canal of Schlemm -> aqueous and episcleral veins

18
Q

What causes Glaucoma?

A

Obstruction of aqueous humor that causes increased intraoccular pressure

Via blockage of meshwork or Schlemm

19
Q

Describe the cells located in the anterior lens

Middle region

Equatorial region

A

Flattened cells

Elongated cells, heavy mitosis

Cortical lens fibers

20
Q

Cataracts is what?

Caused by what?

A

Opacity of the lens caused by change in the solubility of lens proteins

Aging and diabetes

21
Q

Function of tarsal glands?

A

Secrete a lipid-containing product that retards evaporation of the tear film

22
Q

Describe the conjunctiva, and what is the fx?

A

Stratified-to columnar epithelium w/goblet cells, supported by a thin LP

Fx: moisten eyeball

23
Q

What is the tensor tympani muscle attached to?

A

Malleus

24
Q

The peri lymphatic duct extends from where to where?

Dumps what?

A

Vestibular area (saccule and utricle)

Subarachnoid space

Perilymph fluid into CSF

25
Q

The endolymph communicates how?

Located where?

A

With the endolymphatic duct to the endolymphatic sac

Subdural space

26
Q

The cilia most responsible for depolarization of hyperpolarization of the utricle and saccule is what?

IN or OUTward movement for depolarization?

A

Kinocilium

Inward movement for depolarization (towards kinocilium)

27
Q

All the canals communicated where?

A

Utricle

28
Q

In the ampulla of the semicircular canal, Type 1 hair cells are located where?

Type 2?

A

Ridge of the crista

Base of cupula

29
Q

How does sound enter the cochlea?

Exit?

A

Oval window

Round window

30
Q

What makes up the cochlear duct?

A

Scala vestibuli, media, tympani

31
Q

What separates Scala vestibuli from Scala media?

A

Reissner’s/vestibular membrane

32
Q

What separates Scala media from Scala tympani?

A

Organ of corti

33
Q

What is located in the Scala media?

A

Stria vascularis

34
Q

What kind of fluid is located in Scala media?

What kind of ion content?

A

Endolymph

High K+

35
Q

Where is perilymph located?

A

Scala vestibuli

Scala tympani

36
Q

What is in direct contact with the tectorial membrane?

A

Outer hair cells

37
Q

Where do vibrations start?
This is connected to what?

Describe the rest of the hearing pathway

A

Scala vestibuli connected to oval window

Then to helicotrema -> Scala tympani -> round window

38
Q

What are the layers of the tunics? What is contained in them?

A

Outer - sclera and cornea
Middle(uvea) - ciliary process, choroid, iris
Inner - retina

COM - Neuro Test 2 (11 decks)

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