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Biol 102 lab and lec > Histology Lab > Flashcards

Histology Lab Flashcards

1
Q

The four principal groups of tissue are

A

Epithelial, connective, muscle, nerve

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2
Q

Blood and lymph are typically considered a type of ____ tissue

A

Connective

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3
Q

Epithelial tissue is composed of

A

Sheets of tightly packed cells
Little intercellular substance

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4
Q

Epithelial tissue serves to

A

Prevent fluid loss, infection, and mechanical issue

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5
Q

Epithelial cells may appear as flat discs ____, square blocks _____, or masonry bricks ____.

A

Flat discs: squamous
Square blocks: cuboidal
Masonry: columnar

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6
Q

Glandular epithelial are

A

The epithelial that line organs and may absorb/secrete chemical solutions

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7
Q

Connective tissue primarily serves to

A

Support parts of the body and keep it together

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8
Q

Unlike epithelial tissue, connective tissue is spaced

A

Widely apart from each other

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9
Q

The most widespread connective tissue in the mammalian body is

A

Loose connective/aeroaler tissue

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10
Q

Fibers bind ___ tissue within the ECM

A

Epithelial

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11
Q

Adipose tissue help bind connective tissue to ECM. Additionally they

A

Store fat molecules

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12
Q

Fibrous connective tissue contains collagen fibers, which are responsible for

A

Maximizing non elastic properties and strength of tendons and ligaments

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13
Q

Cartilage contains a protein carbohydrate complex called

A

Chrondoiton sulfate

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14
Q

Osteoblasts are

A

Calcified cartilage that formed due to bone forming

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15
Q

Calcium, magnesium, and phosphate interact to form ___ in the collagen matrix

A

Hydroxyapatite

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16
Q

Blood is considered connective, it’s matrix is ___ rather than fibrous

A

Fluid

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17
Q

Muscle tissue is composed of

A

Long cells known as muscle fibers

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18
Q

Muscle fibers are made up of

A

Parallel bundles of fibers called myofibrils

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19
Q

The two major cells of muscle fibers are

A

Acting and myosin

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20
Q

The three types of muscle are

A

Smooth, skeletal, cardiac

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21
Q

Nerve tissue transfers

A

Information from one part of the body to another

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22
Q

Single nerve cells, or neurons, combine to form highly complex groups called

A

Ganglia

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23
Q

The cell bodies of individual neurons have extensions called

A

Dendrites and axons

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24
Q

Dendrites and axons send

A

Signals called nerve impulses to other tissue

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25
Q

The __ make up the CNS

A

Spin cord and brain

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26
Q

Multipolar neurons possess axons and dendrites, which

A

Communicate with other nervous system cells

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27
Q

Spaces between neurons are composed of

A

Smaller supporting glia

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28
Q

The central lumen of of the arteries and veins distinguish them from

A

Nerve fibers

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29
Q

A layer of ___ separate arteries and veins from other cells

A

Elastic connective tissue

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30
Q

Unlike arteries which maintain it’s shape, veins

A

Collapse into an irregular shape

31
Q

In contact with the lumen of arteries and veins is

A

A lining of flattened endothelial cells

32
Q

The nerves consist of nerve fibers grouped together into bundles called

A

Fasicles

33
Q

___ tissue surrounds and penetrates nerve fibers

A

Connective

34
Q

A type of glial cell known as ____ envelopes the axons of individual nerve fibers

A

Schwan cells

35
Q

Schwann cell envelopment __ nerve fibers, which speeds up the rate kf

A

Insulates
Electrical impulse

36
Q

Hollow cells indicate the region of

A

Fat or adipose tissue

37
Q

Adipose tissue have ____ during the preparation of tissue.

A

Lost their lipids

38
Q

In vivo, an adipocyte contains a liquid droplet which

A

Displaces the cytoplasm

39
Q

_____are embedded in an amorphous glycoproteins matrix bound by collagen fibers

A

Chondrocytes

40
Q

Chondrocytes sit at a hollow in the matrix known as

A

Lacunae

41
Q

Blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves can be found in the periphery of

A

Hyalinic cartilage

42
Q

The prominent holes in compact bone are ___ containing blood and lymphatic vessels

A

Haversian canals

43
Q

The canaliculi are

A

A complex pattern of branches through each osteocyte

44
Q

The cannaliculi connect

A

The lacunae with the haversian system

45
Q

The bulk of pancreatic tissue is composed of ____ separated by

A

Secretory epithelial cells separated by connective tissue

46
Q

The islets of langerhans contain the endocrine secretory

A

Alpha and beta cells

47
Q

Alpha cells secrete ___ while beta cells secrete ____

A

Secrete glucAgon
Secrete insioin

48
Q

In the cortex of the kidney lies the ____, the functional unit which delivers blood

A

Nephron

49
Q

The kidney glomureli are

A

Capillaries that do not allow the passage of r/wbc or proteins into the filtrate that enters the Bowman’s capsule

50
Q

The kidney collecting tubules lead ultimately to the

A

Ureter

51
Q

The hilum is

A

Where the renal artery, vein and ureter enter the kidney

52
Q

The two distinct layers of smooth muscle in the intestinal systems are

A

Inner circular
Outer longitudinal

53
Q

The single layer thick____ line the intestinal lumen

A

Columnar epithelial cells

54
Q

The apical surface of the intestine contains ___ which

A

Microvilli
Increase surface area

55
Q

A human testis contains several long ____ surrounded by three layers of connective tissue

A

Semiferous tubiles

56
Q

The periphery of the semiferous tubiles contain ____, which are in association with the nutritive ___ cells

A

Spermatagonia
Sertoli cells

57
Q

Spermatogenesis is under control of which hormone

A

Follicle stimulating hormone, FSH

58
Q

Sperm production occurs at a temperature ___ the body

A

Lower

59
Q

Leydig cells are under the influence of what hormone

A

Leutinizing hormone

60
Q

Primary and secondary oocytes are in the center of what structure

A

Follicles

61
Q

Oocytes are surrounded by a glycoprotein layer called

A

Zona pellucida

62
Q

The primary oocyte is first surrounded by follicular cells and then by

A

Granulosa cells

63
Q

The liver is divided into polygonal

A

Hepatic lobules

64
Q

Blood entering the liver via the hepatic portal vein is distributed into endothelial lines

A

Sinusoids

65
Q

The complex of sinusoids converges on large holes called

A

Centrilobular veins

66
Q

The striations in skeletal muscle cells are due to

A

Arrangement of actin and myosin known as sacromeres

67
Q

Smooth muscle cells nuclei are lcoated

A

Centrally

68
Q

In addition to striation, cardiac muscle cells are distinct due to

A

Intercalated discs

69
Q

The hormones produced in the thyroid are made kn

A

An extracellular suspension known as the colloid

70
Q

The thyroid follicle is made up of

A

Colloid and follicular cells

71
Q

The pituitary is made up of two major lobes, the

A

Anterior and posterior

72
Q

The anterior pituitary lobe consists of

A

Secretory epithelial cells

73
Q

The posterior pituitary lobe is similar to

A

Similar to nerve tissue

Biol 102 lab and lec (17 decks)

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