Histology - GI Flashcards
What does the oral cavity do?
-Receives food
-Chews food
-Starts digestion
What kind of lining does the mouth need?
-Robust lining
-Squamous epithelium
-Stratified
-Keratinised
What is this?
Squamous cell carcinoma
What is this?
Squamous cell carcinoma
Label this diagram:
What is this?
-Secretory glandular epithelium
-Top right shows salivary duct
What does this show?
Sjorgen’s sydrome
What does the oesophagus do?
-Swallows food
-Moves food down to stomach
What kind of lining does the oesophagus have?
Squamous epithelium
What is this?
Squamous epithelium (oesophagus)
What does this show?
-Secretary submucosal cells of oesophagus
-Lubricates food as it moves down the oesophagus
What does the stomach do?
-Digests food
-Not much absorption
What is this?
-Gastric fundic mucosa (produce mucus)
-buffers between lumen acid and epithelium
What are these?
-Parietal cells of stomach
-Produce acid
What are these?
-Chief cells
-Produce pepsinogen and lipases
What is this?
-Gastric antral mucosa
-Produces mucus but not acid
What does this show?
-Helicobacter pylori
-Lives in stomach mucus
What do the intestines do?
-Digest food
-Absorb food
-Absorb water
-Resist bugs
What does this show?
Glandular epithelium of intestine
What does this show?
Endocrine cells within intestinal epithelium
What does this show?
-Submucosa of intestine
-Connective tissue
-Collagen and blood vessels
What does this show?
-Muscularis propria of intestine
-Smooth muscle
-Controlled by autonomic nervous sytem
What does this show?
-Muscularis propria of intestine
-Smooth muscle
-Controlled by autonomic nervous system (cause contraction to happen)
Label all the layers of this diagram:
-Lumen
-Mucosa
-Submucosa
-Muscularis propria
-Serosal surface
Label this diagram:
What do the yellow cells do?
-Pacemaker cells
-Pace rate of muscular contraction
What cells are stained brown?
Interstitial cells of Cajal
Label this diagram:
What causes them?
-Interstitial cells of Cajal
-Commenest stromal tumour in gut
What is the serosal surface?
-Entry of blood supply
-Mesenteries
-Covered by mesothelial cells
What does this show?
-Basic arrangement of cells in the intestine
-Crypts
Label this crypt:
Where does all the division take place?
-Division takes place at bottom of stem cells
-Transit cells move up
-Mature into epithelial cells at top
What does the duodenum do?
-Digests food
-Absorbs food
-Resists bugs
What is the role of the anatomy of the small intestine and how?
-Very large surface area
-Villi and microvilli
What does this show?
Villi
What does this show?
Tip of villi
What does this show?
Microvilli
What does this show?
Lymphocytes in the small intestine
What does this show?
-Lymphocytes in the small intestine
-Move around looking for pathogens
What does this show?
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)
What does this show?
-Giardia lamblia
-Parasite
-Malabsorption
-Diarrhoea
What does this show?
-Coeliac disease
-Villi are lost
What does this show?
Coeliac disease
What does this show?
-Coeliac disease
-A lot of lymphocytes in the intestinal wall
-Attack protein in gluten (glyodin)
-Kill duodenal epithelium producing flat villi
What do duodenum and ileum do?
-Digest food
-Absorb food
-Resist bugs
What do the jejunum and ileum look like histologically?
Villi same as duodenum
What does the appendix do?
-It is not exactly known
-Possible safehouse of good bacteria to repopulate the colon
What does this show?
-Colon
-Flat
-Most absorption has taken place
Label this diagram:
Histology of appendix
What does colon do?
-Absorbs little food
-Absorbs water
-Resists bugs
What does this show?
-Colon
-No villi
-Glandular mucosa
What is this?
-Ulcerative colitis
-Only affects mucosa
-Distinct border
