Histology - Cartilage Flashcards
cartilage
specialized type of CT that belongs in the skeletal system
cartilage is characterized by
avascularity and firm in consistency
ground substance
made up chemically of glycoproteins and proteoglycans
cartilage cells
chondrocytes
chondrocytes
single in the form of flat to round cells; group in nests surrounded by capsules of matrix
fibers
collagen or elastic
perichondrium
outer fibrous; inner chondrogenic layers rich in blood vessels
perichondrium important in
nutrition, growth and regeneration
appositional growth
by addition of layers of cartilage on outer surface through activity of chondrogenic layer of pericardium
interstitial growth
growth from within, via cellular divisions and secretions of cartilage matrix by chondrocytes
3 types of cartilage
hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage
hyaline cartilage
matrix is abundance, cells widely separated, cell nests have up to 8 cells, no apparent fibers; costal cartilage, nasal cartilage and articular cartilage (no perichondrium)
elastic cartilage
cells condensed with less cell matrix between; nests contain up to 4 cells; fine elastic network run between cells; perichondrium always covers the outer surface; found in the ear and some laryngeal cartilage
fibrocartilage
matrix rich in branching collagen bundles; chondrocytes between bundles, appear oval; cell nests not common and made up for 2 cells; no perichondrium since its found in joints; IVDs, cartilage of pubic symphysis, menisci, and disc of tempomandibular joint
IVDs
fibrocartilage
