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BIO-168-1903 > Histology > Flashcards

Histology Flashcards

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1
Q

Function of our major tissue type; Epithelial tissue?

A
  • Lines all our body cavities and hollow organs.
    -Major tissue in glands
  • Protection
  • Secretion
  • Absorption
  • Excretion
  • Filtration
  • Diffusion
  • Sensory reception
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2
Q

Function of our major tissue type; Connective tissue?

A
  • Supports, protects, and gives structure to other tissues and organs in the body.
  • Stores fat
  • Moves nutrition btw tissues and organs
  • helps repair damaged tissue.
  • delivers oxygen
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3
Q

Function of our major tissue type; Muscle tissue?

A
  • Movement
  • Maintain body posture and position
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4
Q

Function of our major tissue type; Nervous tissue?

A
  • receive stimuli and send signals to the brain and spinal cord.
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5
Q

2 types of Nervous tissue?

A
  1. Neurons
  2. Neuroglia
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6
Q

3 types of Muscular tissue?

A
  1. Skeletal tissue
  2. Cardiac tissue
  3. Smooth tissue
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7
Q

2 types of Epithelial tissue?

A
  1. Proper epithelium
  2. Glandular epithelium
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8
Q

4 types of Connective tissue?

A
  1. Proper
    2.Cartilage
  2. Bone
  3. Blood
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9
Q

Function of neurons?

A

Generate & conduct electrochemical nerve impulses

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10
Q

Function of Neuroglial?

A

Provides support, insulation, protection, and tethering neurons to blood vessels.

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11
Q

What do Skeletal tissues look like? Vol or Invol?

A

Long multinucleate parallel cells, striated & voluntary.

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12
Q

What do Cardiac tissues look like? Vol or Invol?

A

One nucleus per cell, striated w/ intercalated disks and involuntary.

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13
Q

What do Smooth tissues look like? Vol or Invol?

A

Short tapered cells, no striations and involuntary.

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14
Q

What do Smooth tissues form around?

A

Lines the walls of blood vessels and hollow organs.

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15
Q

Type of tissue are cell junctions associated with?

A

Epithelial cells

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16
Q

Function of Tight Junctions?

A

-Forms a barrier to move molecules or ions btw epithelial cells.

  • Allows tight regulation of what is absorbed or secreted.
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17
Q

Function of Desmosomes?

A
  • Mechanically binned epithelial cells together.
  • Extend into the cytoplasm of adjacent cells.
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18
Q

Function of Gap Junctions?

A
  • Connect cells allowing intercellular communication.
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19
Q

Synovial function?

A

Acts as a lubricate around freely moving joints.

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20
Q

What are synovial membranes made up of?

A

Connective tissue

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21
Q

What are the two types of wound healing?

A
  1. Primary union (primary intention): small gap
  2. Secondary union (secondary intention): Large gap
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22
Q

The two molecules that form the majority of ground substance within connective tissue are?

A

1.hyaluronic acid
2. proteoglycans

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23
Q

Mesenchyme is known as what type of tissue?

A

Embryonic connective tissue

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24
Q

Vascular?

A

Blood flow

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25
Q

Where is simple squamous epithelium found?

A
  1. The inner lining of the heart and blood vessels
  2. Lining the air sacs of the lungs
  3. Serous membranes of the viscera
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26
Q

What produces redness and heat in inflammation?

A

Dilation of blood vessels

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27
Q

Holocrine glands release Blank______.

A

whole cells

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28
Q

Indicate functions of connective tissue in the body.

A
  • Attachment of one tissue to another
  • Lends support
  • Storage of high-energy molecules and minerals.
  • Transport of nutrients, gases, enzymes and hormones.
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29
Q

Which connective tissue cell secretes histamine and heparin?

A

Mast cells

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30
Q

What type of matrix is found in mesenchyme?

A

Semi-fluid

31
Q

Indicate the type of epithelium that is best suited for allowing diffusion of substances, as would be found lining the air sacs of the lungs.

A

Simple squamous

32
Q

Storing fats is a function of a Blank______ tissue

A

connective

33
Q

What is the substance occupying the spaces between cells and fibers within connective tissue called?

A

Ground substance

34
Q

Exocrine glands that have a single unbranched duct are classified as Blank______ exocrine glands.

A

simple

35
Q

What glands release bits of apical cytoplasm from secretory cell surfaces?

A

Apocrine

36
Q

Mesenchyme is known as what type of tissue?

A

Embryonic connective tissue

37
Q

Where is simple squamous epithelium found?

A
  • Lining the air sacs of the lungs
  • Serous membranes of the viscera
  • The inner lining of the heart and blood vessels
38
Q

What type of exocrine gland’s secretory cells use vesicles to release their secretion by exocytosis?

A

Merocrine

39
Q

Mast cell

A
  • Releases chemicals in response to injury
40
Q

Macrophage

A
  • Ingests foreign and injured cells
41
Q

Adipocytes

A

Store lipids

42
Q

Fibroblasts

A

Form fibrous connective tissue

43
Q

Chondroblast

A

Produce cartilage

44
Q

Osteocytes

A

Maintain bone

45
Q

Osteoclasts

A

Break down bone

46
Q

Glands that are classified as Blank______ glands release bits of apical cytoplasm from secretory cell surfaces, releasing the secretion.

A

apocrine

47
Q

Embryonic connective tissue is called

A

Mesenchyme

48
Q

Three types of cartilage are Blank______.

A

hyaline, fibrocartilage, and elastic

49
Q

List the three major types of tissue membranes.

A

Mucous

Serous

Synovial

50
Q

What epithelium type resists abrasion and prevents entrance of pathogens into underlying tissue?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

51
Q

What cell is a mucus-secreting gland cell found in the epithelia of many mucous membranes?

A

Goblet

52
Q

Mammary glands are examples of Blank______ glands.

A

apocrine

53
Q

What type of exocrine gland has the secretory cells form a dilated sac?

A

Acinar

54
Q

Which type of epithelium prevents body water loss?

A

Stratified squamous

55
Q

The component of ground substance that forms a slippery tissue gel and thus functions as a lubricant is called Blank______.

A

hyaluronic acid

56
Q

Acinar describes the Blank______ of a gland.

A

secretory portion

57
Q

A long, unbranched polysaccharide chain found in the ground substance that acts a lubricating agent is called ——– acid.

A

hyaluronic

58
Q

A compound acinar gland has Blank______ duct(s).

A

multiple

59
Q

Cells Blank______ part of the extracellular matrix of connective tissues.

A

are not

60
Q

Indicate the three components of extracellular matrix.

A

Protein fibers

Fluid

Ground substance

61
Q

Identify the effects of chemical mediators released during the inflammatory response. Select all that apply.

A

Dilation of blood vessels

Increased capillary permeability

62
Q

What is the substance occupying the spaces between cells and fibers within connective tissue called?

A

Ground substance

63
Q

Match the type of cartilage to its location.

A

Hyaline: Tip of nose
Elastic: Frame of ear
Fibrocartilage: Between vertebrae

64
Q

Simple glands are Blank______ glands.

A

multicellular

65
Q

What is the function of the basement membrane?

A

To guide migration during tissue repair

66
Q

Which cells are found in the dermis?

A

Macrophages and fibroblasts

67
Q

The secretion called———- is composed of the combined secretions of ceruminous glands and sebaceous glands.

A

cerumen, earwax, or wax

68
Q

Identify the layer associated with the integument that is avascular.

A

Epidermis

69
Q

Select all of the components of the dermis.

A

Nerve fibers

Glands

Fibers

Blood vessels

70
Q

Indicate the statements that describe cerumen.

A

Waxy secretion

Produced by sebaceous glands

Produced by ceruminous glands

71
Q

The layer of skin associated with most of the strength of skin is the

A

dermis

72
Q

Indicate the areas that contain eccrine sweat glands.

A

Axillae

Palms

Soles

73
Q

If your patient had very low levels of vitamin D, what would you expect to find?

A

A lower than normal concentration of calcium and phosphate in the blood

A higher than normal concentration of calcium in the urine

BIO-168-1903 (11 decks)

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