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LABS > HISTO LAB MIDTERM > Flashcards

HISTO LAB MIDTERM Flashcards

1
Q

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF HARRIS HEMATOXYLIN IN H&E

A

Stains nuclei

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2
Q

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF 0.5% ACID ALCOHOL IN H&E, HOW DOES IT WORK?

A

Differentiator works by breaking links between the tissue & mordant

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3
Q

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF EOSIN?

A

ACTS AS A COUNTERSTAIN. STAINS ALL TISSUE COMPONENTS EXCEPT FOR NUCLEI

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4
Q

WHAT IS THE OXIDIZING AGENT IN H&E

A

NalO3 –Sodium iodate

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5
Q

WHAT IS THE PRINCIPLE OF H&E?

A

IONIC BONDING

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6
Q

IS H&E REGRESSIVE OR PROGRESSIVE?

A

REGRESSIVE

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7
Q

WHAT COLOURS DOES H&E STAIN?

A

STAINS NUCLEI PURPLE, STAINS MUSCLE, RBCS, CYTOPLASM PINK

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8
Q

H&E: NUCLEI PALE, WHY?

A

CAN BE FROM HEMATOXYLIN BEING OLD & OVER OXIDIZED. CAN ALSO BE FROM OVER-DIFFERENTIATION IN 0.5% ACID ALCOHOL.

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9
Q

MASSONS TRICHROME HEMATOXYLIN USED & ITS ROLE

A

WEIGERT’S, STAINS NUCLEI BLACK

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10
Q

IS MT PROGRESSIVE OR REGRESSIVE?

A

PROGRESSIVE

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11
Q

DOES MT HAVE A STABILIZING AGENT?

A

NO

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12
Q

OXIDIZING AGENT IN MT

A

FECL3

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13
Q

ROLE OF BEBIRCH SCARLET AND ACID FUSION, WHAT TECHNIQUE ARE THEY USED IN?

A

BOTH ACT AS A COUNTERSTAIN
SCARLET– SMALL, STAINS BASIC TISSUE COMPONENTS
AF–LARGE AND STAINS COLLAGEN RED

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14
Q

PTA/PMA ROLE IN MT

A

ACTS AS A DIFFERENTIATOR, REMOVES RED COLOUR OF AF FROM COLLAGEN

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15
Q

ANILINE BLUE, ROLE & ITS PROBLEMS

A

COUNTERSTAIN FOR MT, STAINS COLLAGEN BLUE, TOO LONG IN THIS DYE CAN RESULT IN A MUDDY CYTOPLASM

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16
Q

1% ACETIC ACID ROLE & PROBLEMS

A

REMOVES EXCESS ANILINE BLUE FROM THE BACKGROUND. TOO LONG IN AA RESULTS IN PALE COLLAGEN, TOO SHORT IN AA RESULTS IN MUDDY CYTOPLASM

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17
Q

WHAT COLOUR DOES MT STAIN?

A

STAINS NUCLEI DARK GREY, STAINS MUSCLES, CYTOPLASM AND RBCS RED, COLLAGEN STAINS BLUE

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18
Q

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF BOUINS IN MT

A

PRE-MORDANT THE TISSUE TO INCREASE STAINING OF COLLAGEN IF FIXED IN 10% NBF. STAINS TISSUE COMPONENTS YELLOW.

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19
Q

WHAT IS THE PRINCIPLE OF MASSONS TRICHROME

A

POROSITY

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20
Q

GOMORI’S ALDEHYDE FUSCHIN TECHNIQUE PRINCIPLE

A

HYDROGEN BONDING

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21
Q

WHAT COLOUR DOES GAF STAIN?

A

ELASTIC= PURPLE, COLLAGEN=RED, OTHER=YELLOW

22
Q

ROLE OF ALDEHYDE FUCHSIN

A

STAINS ELASTIC VIA HYDROGEN BONDING, STAINS EVERYTHING PURPLE

23
Q

70% ETHANOL ROLE & PROBLEMS

A

ACTS AS A WASHING AGENT IN GAF, REMOVES EXCESS AF FROM THE BACKGROUND. TOO SHORT OF A WASH CAN RESULT IN A MUDDY CYTOPLASM.

24
Q

VAN GIESON REAGENT, ROLE & WHAT TECHNIQUES ITS USED IN

A

ACTS AS A COUNTERSTAIN, ACID FUCHSIN= ACID DYE, LARGE, STAINS COLLAGEN RED. PICRIC ACID=ACID DYE, SMALL, STAINS YELLOW
USED IN GAF & VERHOFFS

25
Q

VERHOFF’S VAN GIESON TECHNIQUE PRINCIPLE

A

HYDROGEN BONDING

26
Q

WHAT HEMATOXYLIN DOES VVG USE & ROLE?

A

VERHOFF’S HEMATOXYLIN (IRON), STAINS EVERYTHING BLACK

27
Q

ROLE OF FECL3 IN VVG

A

ACTS AS A MORDANT, OXIDIZING AGENT AND DIFFERENTIATOR

28
Q

ROLE OF IODINE

A

ACCOMPLISHES THE FIRST STEP OF DEZENKERIZATION–THE REMOVAL OF MERCURIC PIGMENT

29
Q

SODIUM THIOSULPHATE ROLE IN VVG

A

BACKGROUND CLEARING, ACCOMPLISHES THE SECOND STEP IN DEZENKIRIZATION. MAKES THE BACKGROUND PALE GREY, MUST BE WASHED WELL

30
Q

WHAT COLOUR DOES VVG STAIN THE COMPONENTS?

A

ELASTIC-BLACK, NUCLEI=BLACK, RBC=BRIGHT YELLOW, COLLAGEN=RED, EVERYTHING ELSE=YELLOW

31
Q

G&S PRINCIPLE

A

STAINS VIA ARGYROPHILLIC SILVER IMPREGNATION

32
Q

WHAT IS OXIDIZING AGENT IN G&S & ROLE?

A

POTASSIUM PERMAGANATE, STAINS TISSUE COMPONENTS BROWN

33
Q

WHAT IS ROLE OF OXALIC ACID

A

ACTS AS A BLEACHING AGENT, REMOVES DISCOLOURATION OF POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE (TISSUES MUST BE PALE TO PROCEED)

34
Q

FERRIC AMMONIUM SULPHATE/IRON ALUM ROLE

A

SENSITIZING AGENT, CAUSES RETICULIN FIBRES TO BE COATED WITH FE3 IONS

35
Q

AMMONIACAL SILVER SOLUTION ROLE

A

SILVER IMPREGNATION OF RETIC RIBERS, FE3 ARE REPLACED BY SILVER DIAMINE IONS

36
Q

10% FORMALIN ROLE

A

ACTS AS A REDUCING AGENT, CONVERTS AMMONIACAL SILVER IONS IN METALLIC SILVER, RETICULIN FIBRES = DARK BROWN

37
Q

WHAT IS THE CAUSE OF SILVER PRECIPITATE IN BACKGROUND?

A

Improper washing, sodium thiosulphate omitted, time in gold chloride too short, use of metal forceps or dirty glassware

38
Q

GOLD CHLORIDE ROLE

A

TONING AGENT, GOLD IONS REPLACE SILVER IONS TO PROVIDE GREATER CONTRAST UNDER THE MICROSCOPE

39
Q

SODIUM THIOSULPHATE ROLE IN G&S

A

ACTS AS A FIXING AGENT (STOPS ALL CHEMICAL ACTIVITY), REMOVES ANY EXCESS AG AND AU

40
Q

NEUTRAL RED

A

COUNTERSTAIN, STAINS NUCLEI AND BACKGROUND

41
Q

WHAT COLOURS DOES G&S STAIN?

A

RETIC FIBRES= BLACK, NUCLEI= RED, OTHER= PINK

42
Q

ROLE OF PERIODIC ACID

A

PRIMARY OXIDIZING AGENT (OXIDIZES ONLY TO THE ALDEHYDE STAGE)

43
Q

ROLE OF SCHIFF’S REAGENT

A

BINDS TO REACTIVE DIALDEHYDE SITES IN TISSUE

44
Q

RUNNING TAP WATER ROLE IN PAS

A

ACTS AS A SECONDARY OXIDIZING AGENT–PRODUCES THE FINAL REACTION PRODUCT BY REMOVING THE SULFONIC ACID ION TO RESTORE BASIC CHROMOPHORE OF BASIC FUCHSIN (QUINOID STRUCTURE), WHEN TISSUE TURNS PINK

45
Q

HEMATOXYLIN ROLE IN G&S

A

HARRIS OR MAYERS USED, STAINS NUCLEI BLUE

46
Q

COLOURS OF PAS SLIDE

A

BRIGHT PINK= NEUTRAL MUCINS, GLYCOGEN, COLLAGEN, BASEMENT MEMBRANE, CARTILAGE, AMYLOID
DARK BLUE= NUCLEI
OTHER= LIGHT PINK/PURPLE

47
Q

PRINCIPLE OF PAS

A

HISTOCHEMICAL REACTION

48
Q

ALCIAN BLUE ROLE

A

STAINS ACID MUCINS (BLUE)

49
Q

ALCIAN BLUE 2.5 PH

A

SULPHATED & CARBOXYLATED

50
Q

ALCIAN BLUE 1.5 PH

A

SULPHATED ONLY

51
Q

ALCIAN BLUE STEPS IN DYEING

A
  1. ALCIAN BLUE, 2 HARRIS HEMATOXYLIN (COUNTERSTAIN), 3. 0.5% ACID ALCOHOL (DIFFERENTIATOR), 4. AMMONIA WATER (BLUING AGENT)
52
Q

PASD SLIDE

A

AMYLASE ENZYME, REMOVES GLYCOGEN RESULTING IN A SLIDE WITH BLUE NUCLEI AND LIGHT BLUE/PURPLE BACKGROUND.

LABS (8 decks)

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