Histo - Cardio

Question 1

Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Answer 1

Weak contractions - causing dilation. Muscle is stretched - also strectches valves apart

Systolic dysfunction - heart muscle is elastic and can pump but its just bad it

Inflammatory causes

Question 2

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Answer 2

Walls stiff, less room for filling.

Diastolic dysfunction - heart can pump but can’t fill up or stretch enough

Outflow obstruction causes venturi effect - cresc dim murmur

Question 3

Myocyte disarray

Answer 3

HOCM

βMHC gene mutation

Question 4

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

Answer 4

Heart can pump but cannot expand - too stiff, therefore cannot give that elastic recoil. Protein infiltrates and fibrosis

Sarcoid can give both dilated and restrictive picture

Question 5

Histology - Aschoff bodies, Anltschkov myocytes, beady fibrous vegetations

Answer 5

Rheumatic Fever

Question 6

Small, warty vegetations found along the

lines of closure of valve leaflet - ‘verrucae’.

Answer 6

Rheumatic Heart Disease

Question 7

Large, irregular masses on valve cusps,

extending into the chordae.

Answer 7

Infective endocarditis

Irregular - infective

Question 8

Small, bland vegetations attached to lines

of closure. Formed of thrombi.

Answer 8

Thrombotic endocarditis

Thrombi-thrombotic
platelet- Libman Sachs

Question 9

Small (up to 2mm), warty vegetations that

are sterile and platelet-rich.

Answer 9

Libman-Sacks endocarditis